Gambling should be legalized Essay Example for Free

Gambling should be legalized Essay What is gambling? According to www. dictionary. com gambling is taking a risk in the hope of gaining an advantage or a benefit. Gambling has been around for centuries and has been dated way back to 1492. People have been gambling in America ever since America was found. There are numerous underground cards clubs and casinos all over the country and in major cities. People gamble on everything: sports evens, dice, and cards. Even though people gamble every day in the United States, it is still illegal. People do gamble everyday, so why is it not legal. Gambling should be legalized. There are tons of ways to gamble. Anybody can pretty much gamble or make a bet on anything. Some major games though are cards. People play games such as poker or blackjack. Also, betting on horses and dogs has been around quit a bit. The biggest form of gambling though is the lottery. Most of these games and events are already legal such has the track and the lottery, but why are regular games like poker and blackjack illegal? Why gamble? What good can come from gambling? Gambling can help our economy by keeping money here in out on state. Proponents say it keeps money in the state (Legalized Gambling 2). Another huge reason on why gambling should be legalized in the fact that it would draw a huge number of tourism to our state. It could also attract potential tourist to the area. Tourist with money to spend, not just in the casinos, but at local restaurants, hotels and shops (Legalized Gambling 2). This statement not only proves that it would bring tourist, but also that the local area would thrive as well because tourist would be spending money at other places such as hotels and restaurants. It would make the state richer. Why not gamble? According to the Legalized Gambling article in paragraph three some people say that gambling would increase crime, which in return would mean would need more police and more money spent on the police. Many feel that casinos will cause an increase in crime which means increased money spent on police (Legalized Gambling 3). Many say it would cause people to become addicted, and the homes and families of these people would be ruined. Some also believe that more Arkansans will develop gambling addictions which will lead to decay in the homes of these people and a general decay of family life in Arkansas (Legalized Gambling 3). Although this article in referring to Arkansas, the points are very relative to our state of Pennsylvania. If gambling were legalized, there would be more jobs. Jobs are very important especially now in our society. Hundreds of people do not have jobs. Jobs will be open for new casino card dealers for example. More transportation will be need for people to get to the casinos, and since there will be more people coming we will need transportation to other areas as well. Also, the local businesses like hotels and restaurants will be booming. As a result, more jobs will be needed to up keep these facilities. Not only will gambling supply more jobs, but also the local taxes will go down. All gambling winnings are taxable. When a person wins the World Series of Poker, the winnings are taxed. Also, the casinos will have to pay taxes, which will result in lower taxes such as school taxes and so forth. This will keep most of the money in the state as well. Over in Jersey, gambling was one of the main sources of income for the state back in 1857. Legal gambling has become a $10 billion industry in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and the states, which are collecting $500 million a year in gambling revenues, are becoming more dependent on it to balance their budgets (Janson 1). Back in 1857 the economy was bad but gambling didnt even become stunned by the economy. Despite a clouded economy, wagering is up in all three states in each of the last three years in almost every form of legalized gambling (Janson 2). Back then it was making a killing. We can only imagine what it is bringing in now. Gambling is the sole reason to go to Las Vegas. Who would want to go a desert on vacation where temperatures can get into the hundreds? Gambling is the only thing that is going for Las Vegas. With out gambling no one would go, and look at how much money Las Vegas is bring in off of the tourists coming from all over the world, all because of gambling. So when people do gamble where does the money go? Where gambling in legal money gets divided up. 84% returned to the public, 15% for commission, and 1% breakage or surplus (Freeman 167). This shows that at the racetracks 84% go back to the people who are gambling, 15% goes to the brokers, and 1% is the breakage or surplus. That is how the money works in the racetracks. Each state deals with the money differently though. These percentages include the deductions for monies for both Track and State. Each state has laws specifying the division of this percentage between Track and State. Some states use a sliding scale. The higher the volume of business, the higher the percentage paid to the state (Freeman 166). As shown here the state taxes are included. Also, commission is used in all racetracks, and this provided jobs for many people. Another good reason why gambling should be legalized is because people can make a ton of money. If people would be smart about things they could maximizes their profits. These people are called pros. Professional poker players, like Johnny Moss, make all their money from playing cards. Gambling, if done right, can be easy pickings for people. Gambling is a calculated technique for making money (Thompson 27). Basically this is saying that if people are not stupid with their money that they will win. For example, if a person is playing Texas Holdem, a type of poker, then they should only play superior starting hands like Ace King, or Ace Ace. The reasoning behind this is because these starting hands have the best odds or chances of winning. By calculating odds people can beat the game. As mentioned before, gambling can be beat. A good way to make money is to play games where the people have control. Luck can only take a person so far. In casinos, most of the games, like the slot machines and roulette, have odds favoring the house or the casino. It is wise to stay away form these games. Instead, people should play poker or blackjack, where there is a little more skill involved. Luck can only take a person so far. According to Basil Nestor Luck has an influence, but skill has a more pronounced effect (13). This means in the long run, skill will produce more money. In card games there is a rake. The rake is a percentage of the winnings that goes to the house or casino. This is how the casino makes money of the game. For example, if a person just won a $100 pot in poker and the casino rakes ten percent, then that person would only get $90. Another nice thing about casinos is that the more a person gambles, the more they will get. Casinos always give out free things. For the high rollers, or people that spend a lot of time and a lot of money gambling, casinos usually give them free rooms and free tickets to shows. If a person is doing well, the casino may give them free food or free money to play with. There reason for this is to keep that player there. Statistically, the house or casino has better odds, meaning that the chances of a person winning are lower than even. So, eventually the casino will win. So, they try to keep that player there for as long as they can because they think the odds will catch up with them, but as mentioned before there are ways around that Gambling will help our state out tremendously. The state could use more jobs. Some taxes will go down. It just seems to be a no brainer. Why would we not legalize gambling? People say that it will ruin homes and lead to addiction. Well, for all those people that are concerned about that, dont gamble. No one will twist your arm to gamble. Gambling will bring so much to the state of Pennsylvania. All the tourist will need a place to stay. Thats where our local hotel and motels come in. The business will increase drastically. All the tourists will need a place to eat. Our restaurants will serve that purpose. With all this, all these businesses will need to up keep with everything. So, as a result, there will be more jobs available. The casinos will also cause taxes to go down. With all the money the state will be receiving from the casinos, they wont need to tax the people of the state. We already have the lottery and bingo and, these are forms of gambling. How come the lottery and bingo are exactable to our society and games like poker and blackjack are not? Is there that much of a difference? Gambling will do more good than bad.

Study of recruitment process outsourcing

Study of recruitment process outsourcing Is the process where an employer outsources or transfers all or part of its recruitment activities to expert services of a third party (generally professional consultants). The Recruitment Process Outsourcing Association defines RPO as follows: when a provider acts as a companys internal recruitment function for a portion or all of its jobs. RPO providers manage the entire recruitment/hiring process from job profiling through the  on-boarding  of the new hire, including staff, technology, method and reporting. RPO and other types of occasional recruitment support, contingency and executive search services differ majorly in the  Process. The service provider assumes ownership of the process in RPO, while in other types of staffing services the service provider is only a part of the process controlled by the organization buying their services. History of RPO Temporary, contingency and executive search firms have provided staffing services for many decades, but the concept of an employer outsourcing the management and ownership of part or whole of the recruitment process was first realized during the 1970s in the highly competitive high tech labour market of Silicon Valley. Being hard-pressed to find and hire technical specialists these companies had to pay large fees to specialized external recruiters for staffing their projects. In order to reduce the growing expenses of recruitment fees these companies began examining the various stages in the recruitment process that could be outsourced. The initial RPO programs typically consisted of purchasing lists of potential candidates from RPO vendors. Over the years, the concept of outsourcing was accepted by businesses more and more. RPO too gained favour among Human Resource management. RPO reduced overhead costs from their budgets and also helped improve the companys competitive advantage in the labour market. With labour markets becoming more and more competitive, RPO became more of an acceptable option. In the early 2000s more companies began considering the outsourcing of recruitment for major portions of their recruiting need. The fundamental changes in the World labour market have reinforced the use of RPO. The labour market today is highly dynamic: workers are changing employers more often than in the previous generations. De-regulation of labour markets has created a shift towards contract and part-time labour and shorter work tenures. These trends have increased the recruitment activity and encouraged the use of RPO. Even in slower economic times or higher unemployment, RPO is considered by companies to assist in an increasing need to screen through a larger pool of candidates Benefits Recruitment  is seen as a cost incurring process in an organization.  RPO  has helped the HR professionals of an organisation to concentrate on the strategic functions and processes of human resource management instead of wasting their efforts, time and money on the routine work. Outsourcing of the  recruitment process helps cut the recruitment costs to around 20 % and provides economies of scale to a large sized organization. Outsourcing  has become beneficial for both the corporate organisations that use outsourcing services as well as the consultancies that provide the service. Apart from increasing their revenues,  outsourcing Process  also provides business opportunities to the service providers, enhances the skill set of the service providers and exposure to different corporate experiences thereby increasing their expertise. Time/Speed: Hiring of a recruitment company to do the recruitment process for a new project saves precious time. The recruitment agency already has the database of prospects classified according to their skills, knowledge and experience. Once the requirements are provided by the organisation and the service provider provides the organisation with a list of candidates that would be ready to be interviewed. Money/Costs: In traditional recruitment process the HR professionals have to stop their current work and concentrate on the recruitment process. This is a problem for the small and middle sized companies, the big corporations have their own recruitment departments. By outsourcing the whole of the recruitment process these companies save costs incurred in the recruitment process. The HR professionals can focus on their current work without worrying about recruitment process. These days even the big companies are outsourcing their recruitment processes to reduce costs. Quality: It is considered that the recruitment needs of a company are better realised by the owner or someone working for it. But while recruiting new personnel for a specific job or project this can be very challenging. Specialised recruitment agencies have an extensive database of resumes and the networking to source the right type of candidate. Risks Though RPO has benefits, it has its own sets of limitations/risks. RPO will be successful in the context of a well-defined corporate and staffing strategy. A company must manage its RPO activities, providing initial direction and continued monitoring to get the desired results. Loose Definition of RPO: As RPO is a commercial concept rather than a specific definition, there is little regulation to RPO providers. As such, a recruitment agency can brand their services as RPO without actually structuring them in a way that will provide the most benefit to their clients. Cost: Though RPO engagement is considered as cost saving method, the  cost  of engaging an RPO provider can be more than the cost of the internal recruitment department, as an RPO provider is likely to have higher  business overheads. Effectiveness: If an RPO provider does not understand or seek to understand the recruitment solution that they will be providing, it will lead to an improperly implemented RPO. This would reduce the effectiveness of recruitment. Failure to Deliver: When finding candidates in industry sectors where there are staff shortages, RPO service providers may fail to provide the quality or volume of staff required by their clients. Pre-Existing Issues: If the companys existing recruitment processes are not effective or if the service provider lacks appropriate recruitment processes/procedures to work with the client the RPO solution may not work. In such a situation, it is better for the company to undergo a recruitment  optimisation programme. Engagement: Many RPO organisations perform their staffing functions and service  offsite  or  offshore. This disconnects the provider from the client companys growth and recruiting strategy. Though this effect can be mitigated by strong relationship management, some of the momentum and energy associated with the rapid up scaling of a workforce through recruitment may dissipate. Social Media/Networking in Recruitment Social media recruitment is the next big thing on the cards. A lot of companies have started using Web 2.0 application for recruitment purposes. Web 2.0 is the second generation Internet-based services which is different from the first generation static Web sites with little interaction. Popular Web 2.0 applications include the social media/networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, Orkut, LinkedIn, MySpace), blogs, podcasts (Podcast Alley, iTunes), video sharing sites (YouTube, FlickR), mobile apps, etc. Today LinkedIn and Facebook has become a powerful tool in recruitment. LinkedIn is a social networking website meant specifically for networking amongst working professionals. Social media recruitment widens reach and helps segmentation, targeting and positioning of potential jobseekers. They also increase the accuracy of profile searches.  Instead of simply recruiting the person with the best-looking CV, social media can ensure that that person is also the best fit for the company. Companies like Accenture, Cognizant, Mindtree, HP-Mphasis and Wipro are planning to hire workers from social networking sites such as LinkedIn. Linkedln is becoming a hot spot  for Companies looking out to hire workers. Recruitment done through the social networking site Linkedln comes with references and are cost effective as they are free. Companies go through the relevant profiles, and can take a look at the recommendations provided by acquaintances of potential candidates before hiring workers. Mphasis used Facebook along with LinkedIn to recruit new workers by creating a page on Facebook. Benefits Recruitment through Social media/networking websites has its own benefits which are not available in other methods of recruitment. Higher accuracy: As social media/networking websites have no physical boundaries job candidates can be searched geographically and found with higher accuracy than before, narrowing the number of candidates and adding to recruiting effectiveness. Fast: As more and more people today use these websites, the available jobs can get filled quicker, lowering vacancy rates because of social medias high usage rate and immediate response time. This helps in a companys ability to attract talent versus competitors. Cost: Social media recruitment has a low cost with high ROI. In most of the cases it is almost free as most websites are free to register and use. Attracting fresh talent: A large number of social media users are college students, and they are fresh talent for entry level positions. Using social media an organization can easily attract this talent pool. Brand visibility: Using social media/networking for recruitment Increases the employers brand visibility online and establishes a leading-edge image for the brand. Risks Social media/networking offers benefits vis-a-vis other methods of recruitment, but it also has its own share of risks. Effectiveness yet to be proven: While social networks are undoubtedly here to stay, whether they become a more central part to the hiring process or not is yet to proved. The amount of recruitment done through this mode is still very low as it is in initial stages. Demographics of representation: Social media as the labour pool does not fully represent the demographics of the general public. There could be more race and age claims over the coming years due to sourcing through social networking sites. Discrimination: There could be discrimination in recruitment due to a persons country of origin, religious preference, disability, age or sexual orientation etc. Lack of clear recruitment standards and process: Recruitment through social media does not involve clear standards of recruitment. Hence any rejections based on softer criteria can lead to discrimination lawsuits being filed by the rejected candidates.

Information Seeking Behavior Of Nursing Students Clinical Nurses Nursing Essay

Information Seeking Behavior Of Nursing Students Clinical Nurses Nursing Essay Objectives: this article focus on behavior of clinical nurses and nursing students when they seeking information and use information resources to get medical information and how that effect there information behavior and health sciences librarians Methods: we used questionnaire e, interview and observation o f twenty clinical nurses and twenty-three nursing students. Results: we found 14 -70 % of clinical nurses and 17-74% of nursing students browsing internet and 17 85 % of clinical nurses are daily ,and 20-78% nursing students are daily but 80% of clinical nurses do not use Database and 78% nursing students do not use Database, in other side more than 50% of both groups said library satisfy our need and 76% of clinical nurses prefer to use printed and digital resources in parallel and 81% of nursing students prefer to use printed and digital resources in parallel . Many of clinical nurses and nursing students like to communicate doctors and professors because they trust them. but in fact browsing internet is the most one used between them. Conclusions and Recommendations: 14 -70 % of clinical nurses and 20-87% nursing students are browsing internet but 80% of clinical nurses do not use Database because 45% of them do not have skills to deal with Database. for that 95% of them supported to undergo training courses to Acquire the skills for dealing with Database. an other reason that Prevents them from using is 40% of them do not have access to Medical Database. 56% of them do not have information professional help them Help them get their needs Informatics and they want them to be in their working place. Nursing students do not use Database because 43% of them do not have skills to deal with Database. for that 96% of them supported to undergo training courses to Acquire the skills for dealing with Database. an other reason that Prevents them from using is 35% of them do not have access to Medical Database. INTRODUCTION clinical nurses and nursing students are need for medical, health, specialized and accurate information to solve uncertainty or uneducated situation of their knowledge to be able to provide services for institution. clinical nurses trust their doctors and head nurse which make 8 40% of clinical nurses like to communicate with them, Nursing students trust their professors which make 9 43% of nursing students like to communicate with them. 10 50% of clinical nurses are communicated daily and 12 60% of their information need are satisfied through communication. 11 48% of nursing students are communicated daily and 14 61% of their information need are satisfied through communication. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that human resources is the most one clinical nurses and nursing students use it not like our study. Due to the fact that some nursing students see their Scholastic Books Somewhat old and their field always need for new and updated information, 17 -74 % of them browsing internet and 20 87% are daily, 4 17 % of them like to bay new electronic and printed Magazines that include medical articles rated by 8 35 % monthly, 4- 20% of them attend Medical conferences and seminars rated by 10 43 % monthly. In the other hand 14 -70 % of clinical nurses browsing internet and 17 85% are daily, 4 20 % of them like to bay new electronic and printed Magazines that include medical articles rated by 7 35 % monthly, 4- 20% of them attend Medical conferences and seminars rated by 8 40 % monthly. Scientific researchers Noticed the increasing of use electronic resources, especially the Internet and electronic Database . But within that situation 80 % of clinical nurses and78% nursing students do not able to use Database because 40 % of clinical nurses and 35% of nursing students do not have access , 45 % of clinical nurses and 43% of nursing students have lack skills, 10 % of clinical nurses and 9% of nursing students said some D.B. have bad design and other reasons that appear in chart below. Table 1 Barriers of using databases Clinical nurses (n=20) Nursing students(n=23) 96% of nursing students are supported to undergo training courses to Acquire the skills for dealing with Database. With that training courses they Acquired the skills necessary to deal with D.B. in order to satisfy their information need and provide services. 44 % of clinical nurses and 40% of nursing students do not have specialized information professional to help them in satisfying their information needs. And they want information professional to be there to helping , studying and improving their information behavior. Related studies: 1-There articles Reviews of how doctors and nurses is search for on the internet are relatively rare, especially where research examines how decide whether to use Internet-based resources. Original research in the online searching behavior is also rare, particularly in real world clinical settings. as is original research into their online searching behavior. This review collates some of the existing evidence, from 1995 to 2009. There are appear to be no statistically significant differences between the reasons why doctor and nurse seek the internet .Reasons to search for information on the Internet on a large scale is the same: patient care in the first place and CPD (continuing professional development). 2- Also, There are studies observe nurse of the patterns of their on-duty information behavior. The result is Nurses Patient-Chart Cycle which describe the activities during their shifts on regular rotation between the interaction with patient and planning with patient . The behavior of nurses has changed significantly between the interactions with the planning and interaction with the patient. And focused attention on specific information of the patient. They had almost no time or opportunity to consult published sources of information while on duty. Libraries often provide nurses with information services that are based on academic models of information behavior . Is designed more clinical information systems for recording medical and legal aspects of conservation of nursing care. Understand the reality of nurses information about behavior and the on-duty may guide designers of system and libraries in the provision of more appropriate system and services. METHODS This study resulting from cooperation of a group from imam university information professionals under graduate and National Guard Hospital and Specialist Hospital and Habib health center and student in Nursing Administration, Oncology Nursing, Psychiatric Mental Care Nursing and First Aids. In all that centers and hospitals that we allayed our study on time is most major they care with, then Electronic tools and internet connection, then skills and authorization for access is importance and it was Available to them at different levels and qualities and limitations. Fact funding techniques that we use are: First: Questionnaire was for the clinical nurses and nursing students. we ask them about usage and likeability of each available resource, using Database and skills needed for that and their barriers. Second: interview with clinical nurses and nursing students to explain some cases in Questionnaire. Third: Observe clinical nurses and nursing students information behavior to help, study, improve their information behavior. RESULTS Use of specific information resources Browsing internet is the most resource used by clinical nurses and nursing students are among 8 other resources because they always want updated information. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that internet is not the most used one because they believe in not every think in internet is true except format blogs. Then human resources is the second because clinical nurses and nursing students trust their doctors, professors and head nurse but usually there is no time to discussion. So that information resources is the second not the first. But in Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida human resources is the most used one because their doctors and head nurses like to discuss and discover new fields together. Books is the third not because all clinical nurses and nursing students are like it , because some of their official Prerequisite them to read it. Where in Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida clinical nurses and nursing students there are like to read it and extend there knowledge and they are believe in books have basics that clinical nurses and nursing students should have. Journals and conferences is fourth because some of them do not have time, others can not go and some of them do not like to bay health journals. But in Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida clinical nurses and nursing students work on fined time to attend health conferences and they like Scientific debates and perspectives Database and personal resources is the last one because of lack skills, knowledge and accessibly. Bu in t Cheryl Dee, PhD study on University of South Florida clinical nurses and nursing students really care with Obtaining skills and raise their personal scientific ammunition. The flowing chart show rate of using each resources. Table 2 Rate of using different resources Clinical nurses (n=20) Nursing students(n=23) Electronic resource clinical nurses and nursing students have IT tools, internet connection, but major two cases control their usage of resources in time and skills. The flowing chart show rate of frequency using time of resources. Table 3 Clinical nurses and nursing students frequency of use of health information sources Related studies 1-There articles Reviews of how doctors and nurses is search for on the internet are relatively rare, especially where research examines how decide whether to use Internet-based resources. Original research in the online searching behavior is also rare, particularly in real world clinical settings. as is original research into their online searching behavior. This review collates some of the existing evidence, from 1995 to 2009. There are appear to be no statistically significant differences between the reasons why doctor and nurse seek the internet .Reasons to search for information on the Internet on a large scale is the same: patient care in the first place and CPD (continuing professional development). 2- Also, There are studies observe nurse of the patterns of their on-duty information behavior. The result is Nurses Patient-Chart Cycle which describe the activities during their shifts on regular rotation between the interaction with patient and planning with patient . The behaviour of nurses has changed significantly between the interactions with the planning and interaction with the patient. And focused attention on specific information of the patient. They had almost no time or opportunity to consult published sources of information while on duty. Libraries often provide nurses with information services that are based on academic models of information behaviour . Is designed more clinical information systems for recording medical and legal aspects of conservation of nursing care. Understand the reality of nurses information about behaviour and the on-duty may guide designers of system and libraries in the provision of more appropriate system and services. DISCUSSION Human resources: This study result that clinical nurses and nursing students use human recourses. In questionnaire , It was 60% of both groups use human resources . While 30% of nursing students use human resources at least once a week, but 35% of clinical nurses did the same. In interview, they explained why they used them?. They said consulting them ,because it is the fast way to get reliable and accurate information. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that the human resources is the most resource use of both group ,because their doctors and head nurses like to discuss and discover new fields together. Also ,they believe that human resource is way to get reliable and accurate information is not like our study. Print resources: Also , this study result that clinical nurses and nursing students use print resources . In questionnaire , It was 70% of both groups based on print resources. We found 15% of clinical nurses using books daily. Only 13% of nursing students did the same. Also we found 20% of clinical nurses read the scientific journal daily. only 17% of nursing students did the same . In interview, they explained why they used print resources like human recourse. They said that because the print resource easy and convenient to access and most reliable. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that the print resources is most and preferred recourse used because its provided easy and convenient access to information. Also they notice they preferred this resources because they available more than other recourses. Table 4 Barriers of using databases: Clinical nurses (n=20) Nursing students(n=23) Electronic resources: Electronic resources gives nurses update and quality information. In questionnaire, It was 70 % of clinical nurses and nursing students using electronic resources. We found 85% of clinical nurses browsing internet daily ,but 87% of nursing students did the same. Also we found 15% of clinical nurses use Database ,but 17% of nursing students did the same .In interview, they explained why they dont use database .First of all ,because some of them didnt have skills for dealing with Database. An other reason that prevents them from using it that they do not have access to medical database. The less skill nursing tend to familiar Internet resources such as search engines, rather than health information databases that is harder for them. But Cheryl Dee, PhD found in his study on University of South Florida that the use of electronic resource is less resource used because a lot of reasons. First of all, lack of computer , lack of connection to the internet, or may be they have both but do not believe that every thing in internet is true .Also, the use of databases is fairly low because lack of skilled , training, no time, or do not have subscriptions to access. Computer access: We found  that more  than  14-70%  of the  Clinical nurses  and  17-74%  of  Nursing students  prefer  to use  electronic resources  to obtain  the information  they need  in the medical  field,  and providing  ease of  connection  to the Internet. In  contrast,  10%  do not  use  electronic sources  and  databases  in particular,  due to  lack of  training in the  use  of databases  and the  lack of  the necessary skills  to interact  with reduced access  to  databases  or  scarcity  in  use. We have also noted  that many  of the  nurses  and  nursing students  clinical  use of electronic sources  to  retrieve  and research  in the  medical information  they need. Computer and database skills: perception versus reality We found that 70% of clinical nurses are using internet and 10% of them use databases, of whom 20% use e-books and magazines   And also that 47% of nursing students are using internet and 13% of them use databases, of whom 22% use e-books and magazines As we have found from the results of the questionnaire that the use of the Internet on a daily basis, as well as the use of search engines such as Google because its easy to find what youre looking for and put it is the word semantic search and extraction of topics, also found that during the interview stated that the use of the Internet is easy for them  to get the information they need and save them time .. But we find that the databases used them for a few and that because of obstacles is a lack of skills and training to the implementation of the use of databases and deal with it properly addresses the need to get the information they have.  And also through the corresponding one nurses said that has not been trained on how to use databases in the search for easily extracted to the information they need, And also 30% of the nursing students do not have enough time to search databases in fact there is disparity in the use of nursing students to the database and it depends on the previous experience of the individual if found to have previous experience in how to use the database makes it easy to use for the individual. Training needed We have stated that the participants initially reluctant to move away from simple techniques in the search on the Internet to use the features developed .. after the order initial participants worked in narrowing the search through the exercises and focused on topics of their own using limits such as language rights and magazines subsidiary, while adding addresses the Sub- . However, when participants had the research on the topics of personal noticed trainees that about 33% do not work to narrow and limit their search. has revealed the corresponding reasons for reluctance of the initial search and narrow,. The first was the strong influence of search engines on the Internet, because of inflation, the number of information The participants wish to retrieve no two groups have acknowledged in the interview that the practice of searching the database is a way to narrow the scope of the search and in addition has proved many of the stakeholders exercise training to use the database. indicated the interview that it also has a variety of reasons among nursing students and (clinical nurses) to (clinical nurses) benefit from training in order to be able to gain access to the database .. In terms of nursing students was searching the fields to get the information is not clear to them, and they do not have access to the databases after the completion of the study nursing and stated that after training on the use used in useful and beneficial. Both of these groups are keen to access the databases and access to information of high quality with increasing articles. Time factor Through the questionnaires, we found that most clinical nurses and nursing students use the internet as a major source of information on a daily basis and through interviews we found that it is because of using their advanced devices that provide Internet browsing, such as Tablet PCs (iPad) , iPhone, blackberry, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ which are easy to carry and Move in each place so it save a lot of time when using it. This reinforced the earlier findings of Cheryl Dee(2005)Nurses are often busy and do not have enough time to search for information from several sources. Need for information Through interviews we found that the most of clinical nurses are usually found their information need is simple, brief answers to questions patients, and with regard to care for health and in these cases they are need only to surf the Internet medical sites to coverage a need of this type and they are in a few cases tends to use of specialized medical databases such as pubmed. This reinforced the earlier findings of Cheryl Dee (2005)nurses Information needs are few and limited to answering the questions of the patients, and health care for them. Nursing students information needs are limited to the field of their study such as the completion of the research or the specific assignment given to them Nursing students reported that they used medical research articles from quality databases for school assignments, but that they needed more concise, factual information resources that were immediately available to them for clinical patient care questions( Cheryl Dee,2005) .They are using Internet medical sites and books to coverage a need of that type. Library use Through questionnaires and interviews, we found that most clinical nurses rarely use libraries to meet their health information needs. This reinforced the earlier findings of clinical nurses with no access to healthrelated libraries at work did not seek out other health sciences libraries for research( Cheryl Dee,2005) . Nursing students tends to use of health libraries frequently as necessary to complete the medical research they are required to complete it in the field of their studies. In contrast nursing students made minimal use of the health sciences library( Cheryl Dee,2005) CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we found the results from this study that small-scale human and print resources (print resources) are still preferable to electronic sources of health information for patient care. Has made it clear both nursing students and nurses during my meeting with them the reason for the preference is for ease of use, and that input on the spot to gain access to sources of documented health information, and nursing students arrive to the many sources of health information of high quality, but they tend to use two documents to easily access and awareness of the sources and content. and also nurses have had limited opportunities to obtain health information and rely on their own experiences and to colleagues and story books in the patients they have. This continued popularity of books being sources for patient care to all participants, because the books provide immediate access to summary information. However quickly become outdated The e-books are to meet this need. Both of nursi ng students and nurses needed to improve their information management skills, particularly their database to search for skills. In this study, advanced search skills, was derived mainly from the Internet and as a result, they need more training in the use of unique data base such as research, the determinants and subject headings. RECOMMENDATIONS They recommend the training of health sciences librarians to provide information about libraries and library services to meet the Many medical and educational needs of nursing students and nurses. Can be submitted through their lessons documented in libraries during the most recent sources of information, especially health care (NLMs Pub Med, Medline Plus, TOXNET, and NCIs cancer.gov database) As well as lessons in basic skills to use the computer for the preparation of nurses have the ability to search the database. Consequently, the means of health care to make these resources available appropriately to stories of patients and supervisors must Nursing to encourage nurses to take the advice to go and look at the sources of health care of patients both from the Academy for health sciences librarians and hospitals provide, with time, these libraries in aid of nurses, as well as making a database of Health Sciences New or provide a database for the renewal of information and answer questions in the search features in the database, that belongs to them benefit would therefore be training on the increased visibility of the library and evidence on the ability of Library to meet the needs of the nurses health information. Also recommend the provision of reference books on the floors of patients to nursing supervisors personally, because the supervisors have little time left pati ents floors then your order in time and little to offer them information in the pamphlets. Our interviews revealed in this study, nurses look on the supervisors were not encouraging them to search themselves and their superiors did not participate in the search by using the available literature. Getting information to patients and floors can talk with supervisors be the first step in raising the awareness of supervisors and interest in the library. It seemed to the participants in this study are eager for more access to information of patient care, more training database, and improve computer skills. Health Sciences Libraries opportunity to help meet the information needs of nurses and to help improve their knowledge.

The Character Vasia in Boris Pasternacks Doctor Zhivago :: Doctor Zhivago Essays

The Character Vasia in Boris Pasternack's Doctor Zhivago The character Vasia Brykin, in the novel Doctor Zhivago by Boris Pasternack, is created and developed as a symbol of the rampant and chaotic times during the turbulent Russian Revolution. His significance in relation to the overall plot is minor because of his only two sub-chapter appearances, but thematically he works to show the breakdown of the Russian economic and social infrastructure in the country, and the lasting effects it has on the generation of lives that were swept up in its political turmoil. Vasia is introduced in chapter seven, on the train to the Urals, where Yurii Andreievich Zhivago learns of his depressing story. Vasia Brykin's father was killed in the war, and his mother had sent him to be apprenticed to his uncle at age sixteen. One day his uncle was called in by the local soviet authorities to answer some questions, and accidentally walked into the Bolshevik's labor recruitment office, where he was conscripted into forced labor and herded off to a train. Vasia and his aunt went to say farewell the next day, and his uncle pleaded with the guard, Voroniuk, to let him out of the car to see his wife for one last minute. Voroniuk, fearing for his own position, allowed him to leave only if Vasia stayed in his place for insurance. Vasia's uncle never returned, and he cried and pleaded with Voroniuk, but it was to no avail. Physically, Vasia appeared "an attractive boy with regular features who looked like a royal page or an angel of God in a picture" (223). He has red hair, and an unspoiled innocent look to him. On the external, he is a very enthusiastic person, full of compassion and emotion, especially when he speaks of his family and life back in his home village of Veretenniki: That's what I say-Buisky-Buisky village. Of course I know it, that's where you get off the main road, you turn right and right again. That's to get to us, to Veretenniki. And your way must be left, away from the river, isn't it? You know the river Pelga? Well, of course! That's our river. You keep following the river, on and on, and away up on the cliff...(224-225)

Polymerase Chain Reaction :: essays research papers

PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is the quick and easy method of making unlimited copies of any fragment of DNA. Since it’s first introduction ten years ago, PCR has very quickly become an essential tool for â€Å"improving human health and human life (TPCR)†. Medical research and clinical medicine are profiting from PCR mainly in two areas: detection of infectious disease organisms, and detection of variations and mutations in genes, especially human genes. Because PCR can amplify unimaginably tiny amounts of DNA, even that from just one cell, â€Å"physicians and researchers can examine a single sperm or track down the elusive source of a puzzling infection† (TPCR)†. These PCR- based analyses are proving to be just as reliable as previous methods-sometimes more so and often much faster and cheaper. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used â€Å"to amplify the number of copies a specific region of DNA (Brown)†, in order to produce enough DNA to be adequately tested. This technique can be used to identify with a very high-probability, disease-causing viruses, bacteria, a deceased person, a criminal suspect, and also in the event of an outbreak, â€Å"Real-Time PCR can effectively monitor the success of clean-up efforts (RAL,Inc)†. In order to use PCR, one must already know the exact sequence of a gene or the sequence of interest that lie on both ends of the DNA. While similarity among genes of organisms exists, there will always be genes whose DNA sequences differ from each other. By identifying the genes that are different and unique, one can use this information to identify an organism. DNA is a double-stranded, â€Å"consisting of two such nucleotide chains that wind around each other in the famous shape known as the double helix (TPCR)†. DNA consist of Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine components which can be arrange to generate a â€Å"sentence† of a gene sequence which can consists of either a few or thousands of letters long. To get this copying process started, a template molecule of the DNA or RNA you want to copy is required along with two primer molecules that make up the strands of all genetic materials. These primer molecules consists of about 20 letters long, which can be linked together in the order desired by a DNA-synthesizer â€Å"which add and link one letter at a time (Brown)† to generate the primers needed to start PCR. There are three major steps in PCR that must be met in order for the process to be successful.

Industry analysis on ABS-CBN

Lopez  family-controlled ABS-CBN Corp. said it expects profitability throughout the year with the support of its airtime revenue after gaining in the first quarter of the year. In a briefing, Geronimo C. Estacio, ABS-CBN officer in charge for Finance, said profits for the full-year of 2006 may come from its airtime revenue, given the higher rating of the network’s primetime shows. Estacio said ABS-CBN posted a net income of P121 million in the first quarter of the year from P132-million losses in the same period in 2005. In the first three months of the year, ABS-CBN audience share averaged 32 percent compared with 43 percent of its rival GMA channel 7. On primetime, ABS posted 35 percent share from 36 percent compared with GMA’s 43 percent from 46 percent. The company attributed its profit turnaround to the lower cost base that resulted from last year’s manpower optimization and judicious production cost spending, as well as from license fees for the migration of North American DTH (direct-to-home) subscribers to DirectTVs platform. License fees from DTH amounting to P409 million were booked in the first quarter of the year. Total subscriber base of ABS-CBN Global grew by 22 percent year on year, which translates to 2. 1 million viewers worldwide by-end March. The Lopez-led company also said airtime revenues, which accounts for 60 percent of the total, grew 4 percent to P2. 26 billion in the first quarter of the year from P2. 18 billion in the same period in 2005 as it continued to strengthen its primetime programs. Gross revenue rose by 14 percent to P3. 95 billion, driven by license fees from DirectTV and higher airtime revenues. When Kris Aquino announced she and co-host Korina Sanchez might be in the United States late this year to tape some of their â€Å"Morning Girls† daily show, ABS-CBN International (NA) received lots of calls for the specific dates. â€Å"The response was amazing even if nothing has been firmed up,† said Rene Encarnacion, senior vice-president for international operations of ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp. and managing director of ABS-CBN Global Ltd. ABS-CBN International is one of four subsidiaries of Global, which is, in turn, a wholly owned subsidiary of ABS-CBN Broadcasting. With access to 25% of total Filipino-American households, ABS-CBN International accounts for 70% of gross revenues generated by Global. â€Å"The North American operations used to account for 85% of total revenues but that has happily dropped as we follow Filipinos abroad. There are Filipinos working in every country in the world except Bhutan,† said Encarnacion. Using a market yardstick of between 50,000 to 70,000 households, each household made up of five to six people, Global has presence in Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, and Europe. In Asia, the company works with local partners. It services Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates through subsidiary, ABS-CBN Dubai; and England, Germany and Italy through another subsidiary, ABS-CBN Europe. â€Å"The Filipino-American market is so huge, there’s still a lot of penetration to do. Just maintaining our 25% market means we’re already growing. This is not a transient market; they are in the US for good and they have large disposable incomes,† said Encarnacion. Bundling Entertainment accounts for 65% of Global’s product mix. The company maintains four channels, which are either directly beamed to the homes of subscribers or by satellite. These channels are segmented by content, offering 24-hour news, the best of Channel 2 shows, and Philippine movies as well as sports and culture. Global pays royalties to ABS-CBN Broadcasting and its content-producing subsidiaries. It also sources other suppliers of content, such as the Philippine Basketball Association. Global holds the international broadcast rights for the PBA games. In a classic bundling strategy, the company has built on its existing relationship with customers to push non-entertainment products, all of which are billed through one cable statement. The nature of technology opens so many opportunities. We have become a distribution one-stop for everything from entertainment to courier services to retailing Philippine-made products to our customers. It’s a convenient pipeline that other Philippine media companies have not yet fully exploited,† said Encarnacion. Global also sells pre-paid US-to-the-Philippines cards which offer 60 minutes to 100 minutes of telephone use. The cards are offered to retailers for private labeling or sold in-house under the brand name, Sarimanok. Arm’s length Global was incorporated in the Cayman Islands last year, although its North American subsidiary has been in business for the past nine years. Consolidating ABS-CBN’s international operation is part of the strategy to sell Global shares through an initial public offering two or three years from now. Part of the proceeds will pay off the $25 million advanced by ABS-CBN Broadcasting, mainly to put up the transmission infrastructure. â€Å"We have an arm’s length relationship with our parent company. It’s important that we show we can and have been going it alone,† said Encarnacion. The company generated in excess of $40 million in gross revenues in 2002, accounting for close to 70% of total revenues generated by all ABS-CBN subsidiaries. On a consolidated basis, subsidiaries accounted for 20% of ABS-CBN’s total revenues in 2002. Money-makers This year, Global sees a 20% growth in gross revenues and a 30% growth in subscriber base through the three-pronged strategy of better programming, more non-entertainment products, and improved customer relationships. For one, programming for the American market will no longer be targeting solely first generation immigrants but their children and their grandchildren as well. The first generation of Filipino-Americans are nostalgic about the Philippines and they want to keep abreast with what is happening back home. The second and third generation understand and accept their Philippine heritage but they have their own distinct buyer preferences in terms of, say, what kind of music they want to listen to. We want to secure more programs developed by Fil-Ams for Fil-Ams,† said Encarnacion. For another, programs such as â€Å"Balita Middle East† developed for foreign audiences may soon be shown in the Philippines because of their relevance to Filipino viewers. Balita Middle East†, which has a segment where overseas Filipino workers can interact with their families in the Philippines, is the second highest rated show in the 24-hour cable news channel, ANC. From a wider perspective, Global intends to balance its revenue stream and be less dependent on the American market. It formally launches ABS-CBN Europe in Italy this month. It is also asking itself whether or not it makes sense to continue its partnerships in Japan or Australia, which have been delivering on their bottom line commitments.

Betrayal in Antony and Cleopatra Essay

Betrayal in the play ultimately leads to the downfall of many main characters; weather it be betrayal of companions or of their original ideals and morals. If we take the example of Enobarbus’ case, his decline from the strict Roman ethics into the looser morals that symbolise more Egyptian ideals, leads him to betray his general and friend, Antony. Enobarbus then goes onto to die of the guilt and broken heartedness he experiences as a result of his treachery towards Antony and his own moral compass. It is however arguable that Enobarbus traitorous nature is only an outcome and reflection of Antony’s own crumbling roman beliefs. If we take the exchange between Cleopatra and Enobarbus in Act 3, scene 12 lines 2- 12 we can see that Enobarbus lays absolutely none of the blame on Cleopatra’s shoulders but instead tears the Antony to shreds, at one point saying â€Å" The itch of his affection should not then have nicked his captainship, at such a point when half to half the world opposed, he being the mered question†. In these lines Enobarbus says that Antony should not have let his lust (an Egyptian quality) destroy his ability as a general and his duty to his men, at such an incredibly crucial juncture in the battle, especially when the stakes were so high and he was such a key component in the outcome. Shakespeare uses the word affection, which can be read to mean lust. Lust is a trait that Shakespeare lists as an Egyptian quality, and it is vital to note his choice in diction; to stress that the action was not disciplined and Roman but a betrayal of Antony’s Roman nature. There is no mention of the love Antony has for Cleopatra. He also allows us to see Enobarbus’s view that nothing about this was justifiable or right, and that there were no higher motives moving Antony, rather he was pushed into actions by his baser and more primitive emotions such as cowardice and lust saying Antony’s reasons, whatever they may have been, were trivial and unacceptable. The hyperbole in line 9 ‘†¦when half to half the world opposed†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ also stresses this point because it creates a sense of how indubitably important this battle was. This fight was a touchstone of legend; one obviously still remembered in Shakespeare’s time, and still in ours; a war between two of the greatest empires the world has seen to date, the stakes of which were incredible amounts of power, influence, land, and money – more than enough motive to kill for. And yet the ‘†¦mered question†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ the person who this whole war was based on; who these men were fighting this battle for – men without experience or training, against the greatest militant empire of the ancient world – this man they were fighting for ran away. Enobarbus’ dialogue describes how utterly base and treacherous Antony’s actions have been in terms of the values of the Roman Empire. This supports the argument that Antony’s betrayal of his Roman ideals lead to Enobarbus also betraying his Roman nature by defecting to Caesar. These betrayals lead to both their deaths, though if they had stuck to the Roman tenets of societal structure they would not have gone against their own nature; actions such as retreating from the sea battle (Antony) or defecting (Enobarbus), and the play could have had a very different ending. It is these faults of betrayal that set the characters up for their downfalls, echoing Antony’s belief in the doctrine of Ate, which he expresses by saying, ‘when we in our viciousness grow hard†¦ the wise gods seel our eyes’ (Act 3, Scene 13, 114-18).