Wednesday, July 31, 2019

How far did World War One effect the lives of people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918 Essay

Introduction ‘How far did World War One effect the lives of people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918?’ World War One had many short-term effects on the people living in Britain between 1914 and 1918, some small and others large. However, I do not think that it had any large long-term effects, on Britain or on the people living in Britain at that time apart from on women’s social standing. First I will look at large, short-term effects. D.O.R.A Or the Defense Of the Realm Act had quite a large-scale effect on Britain. It was also the cause of many other issues to be discussed in this essay, such as rationing. It originally began by allowing the government to control many aspects of the country completely; they could take over industries, factories and even people private land and houses for use in the war. They could also control how much people found out about the war through censorship. One of the first things the government did under DORA was to take control of the coal industry, and turn it towards helping the war effort, rather than putting money in private peoples pockets. During the war more changes were made, a lot of them affecting many aspects of peoples daily lives, under DORA people could not: Talk about military matters in public or spread rumors about military affairs anywhere Trespass on railways, bridges or allotments Fly kites or light bonfires or fireworks Buy binoculars Melt down gold or silver Give bread to dogs, chickens or horses Use invisible ink when writing abroad Buy whiskey or brandy in a railway refreshment room or a similar place Ring church bells As you can see there is a long list of things people were not allowed to do, as well as the government having the new powers already mentioned, the government also ordered for beer to be watered down, pub opening hours to be shortened and to not let people buy rounds or drinks in a pub. They also introduced the idea of putting the clocks forward by 1 hour during the summer, so that people could work longer while it was still light. These things altogether had quite a large short-term affect on the people of Britain, so much so that ‘by the end of the war, people were used to the government controlling their lives completely’, clearly this is something rather detrimental to Britain, it meant people could not always do what they wanted to do, restricting their right to free will. They could not fly kites, ring church bells, buy binoculars etc, and all of these smaller things, coupled with the larger things would have made a big difference to the people of Britain. I say D.O.R.A was a large short-term effect because at the end of the war, most of the acts passed under DORA were removed, the state no longer controlled buildings, or aspects of daily lives, apart from the new pub opening hours, which remained in effect until 1989, ‘even though they were meant only for the war’. DORA also had many other effects, which are in themselves issues to be discussed in this essay: Rationing Another example of Dora’s power can be seen in the form of rationing, because the government was able to take over and control land, they could take over farm land and turn it’s usage to producing what they wanted to be produced. They hired women to work the land (because men were away fighting), and did this in order to keep the country fed, but by 1917 the situation had become dire, German U-Boats were sinking one in every four of our supply ships, and there simply was not enough food for everyone to have exactly what they wanted. Food prices rose to double what they were in 1914, and since people had not asked for higher wages because they had wanted to support the war, they could not afford to pay. Rich people bought much more than they needed and hoarded it, whilst poorer people could not even afford to buy bread. Shops closed early because their stocks had run dry, and there were serious strikes over ‘poverty level wages’. The government then attempted to encourage people to economies on their food usage; leaflets, posters and articles were produced to try to get people to save as much food, particularly bread as possible. But none of their measures proved to be effective, so rationing was introduced, this meant that everyone had a set weekly allowance of food, comprising of sugar, meat, butter and beer, and they were issued with coupons that enabled them to get their set amount of food. As it turned out, by the end of the war, people were actually more healthy than they had been at the start, because they were eating a more balanced diet, the rich and the poor could only get the same amount of food as each other, so it also proved to be a much fairer method of supplying everyone in the country with enough food to live on. This was another short term affect, one under DORA, as once the war was over and the food supply was back to operational speed again, rationing ended and people were able to get as much, or as little food as they were able to before. Propaganda This will have had a much larger affect on the mind of the British citizen than any other effect of the war, although not being able to eat exactly what you wanted or do exactly what you wanted, these things were more physical when compared to propaganda, which had large physiological affects on people. DORA gave the government the right to control newspapers and other forms of media, in order to limit what the civilian population found out about the war. During the first few months of the war, where thousands of men were dieing in terrible ways, the government only reported good news, no reporter could go to France or to Belgium, and the control the government had was so incredibly totalitarian, they even kept the house of commons ‘in the dark’ as to the full reality of the front line. For the first two years of the war most propaganda was rather crude, with many tales of British heroism and German atrocities, all highly patriotic, and completely supportive of the war. However as popular opinion changed the government had to adapt their propaganda strategies to cope with it. In 1916, ‘appalling’ losses were being made at the battle of the Somme, with thousands of soldiers on both sides dieing daily, the government took this opportunity to attempt to show the people what the war was really like. What they filmed however was pre staged mock battles and scenes of soldiers going of the top bravely, and achieving much, they also showed pictures of dead and wounded men, something that had never been done before. This supposedly wakened a lot of people up to the harsh realities of the war, they were seeing so much that shocked and disgusted them, when really most of the footage was fake, and only half of the true story was being told. Propaganda was a powerful short term effect on what people thought of the war, it meant that because people did not know the full harsh reality of war, they kept on supporting it, it is likely that had the real story been told from the outset, the people may well have decided against the war. In it’s defense however, propaganda helped to keep the morale in Britain up when things were going badly, as the government could easily churn out a patriotic poster, or an awe inspiring leaflet. Below is a large effect, which had a lot more knock on effects than anything else. Women At War The countries male population had been severely reduced, because they were all out fighting on the front lines, so there were very few men left to farm, make munitions, and do all the other jobs that they used to do before the war, such as being a delivery driver. So women had to take over, the government formed the W.L.A or Women’s Land Army, and women who signed up to this would work on farms around the country, planting, harvesting and looking after crops. They were also employed in industry, most commonly the munitions making industry, and as other forms of laborer. People found that the women were just as able to do the jobs as well as all the men were, and although they were not paid as high a wage as the men, the women found that they enjoyed working and earning a lot more money than they would have done in previous jobs, if they were employed at all. This was a much larger effect of the war, particularly as it led to women getting the vote in 1918 under the representation of the people act, they had proved they could do everything a man could do, and they had helped their country get through the war, although the right to vote was not given under equal terms until 1928, 10 years later, up until then only land owning women over 30 could vote. Women working in previously male jobs also led to help in the breakdown of the class system, because all women were involved, a rich land owner could be working on the field or in the factory right next to a poor dressmakers daughter. They found that it was possible to make friends with the ‘lower classes’, and most thoroughly enjoyed it. The same was happening to the male population, as all soldiers on the front line were equal unless they were higher up in the chain of command, so a rich man could find himself in a position of having his life saved by a poor ‘lower class’ man, or vice versa. Some smaller, short-term changes Conscription A conscription act was issued in 1916, this stated that all men aged between 18 and 41 had to fight in the war, there was no option, because although at the start of the war they could not get people out to the front lines fast enough, as it carried on, the numbers of people wishing to lose their life for Haig and country began to dwindle, so conscription was the only thing that would ensure a steady flow of soldiers to be. After this all married men had to fight as well, and this then led to a huge shortage of workers in vital industries, which then led to women taking their places in the workplace, which then led to women getting the vote, and the eventual breakdown of the class system. Of course some people did not want to fight at all, even when they had to, these people were called conscientious objectors or ‘conchies’ for short, however they did have to prove that they were really objecting to fighting for a reason of conscience, e.g. their religion or a deeply held belief that war is wrong. A lot of ‘conchies’ were very badly treated, a lot were banded as criminals and placed in jail, some not even let out after the war was long over, and others could even be shot for being traitors. This was the first time conscription had been introduced in Britain, but like many other things, when the war finished, so did conscription. Conclusion There were many things that the First World War affected in Britain: food, the way people viewed the war, lively hoods and more were all altered in some way, most of the effects were temporary though, after the war they simply went away, and people went back to how it used to be before the war. All except for one effect, the way women had been treated before the war was as housewives and maids, fit only to do ‘women’s work’ at home, or at somebody else’s home, they were thought of as the child bearers, and nothing much else. The war allowed women to prove they could be more than just that, after the war there were 400,000 less maids than there had been before it, women knew now that they could do whatever men could do, and do it well also. For their hard work, women won the vote, and eventually on equal terms as men, however, all did not change instantly, when the war finished many women went back to what they used to be doing, and the men came back to their old jobs as well, but I do not think this matters, as the ball had already been set rolling, women had proved that they were mans equals, and they could, and would do it again. I do not thing that World War One deserves to be called a ‘Total War’ when compared to World War Two, although compared to previous wars such as the Boer war and the Napoleonic wars, World War One was the closest that had come to being a ‘total war’, people were much more involved in it than they ever had been before, there was conscription, bombing, women were commissioned to work in jobs previously only ever done by men, and the civilian population was being constantly bombarded by hundreds of propaganda messages. This was something people had never experienced before, never had a civilian felt so touched, so involved by the war, never had women worked in factories or had the vote, and civilians had never been bombed as they lay in bed before. Yet, compared to World War Two, WW1 was not total war, the bombing was really not at all severe, neither were the casualties, the weapons, the rationing or the everyday dangers when put next to World War Twos figures.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Medical Career vs. Fashion Design

Fashion Design Career As teenagers, high scholars or even college students, we always struggle with big questions†¦ What career am I going to pick? , What career suits me better? , Am I going to be able to do it?. We have been through those stages of adolescence, at least, I've past through them, and to be honest, sometimes those questions doesn't give you a concrete answer until you give a try and risk yourself into something new.Sometimes o have to look for pro/con to see what's best for you, that's why I'm looking for an answer through this essay. Medical career ; Fashion design are very different, but they do have some similarities. The medical career is a great profession. It career requires many skills and time to be successful. Behind a great doctor, is a hard and long Medical Career, there's a lot of sacrifices you have to do to success in that area.Medical career requires time and dedication, the length of the career is 7 years and 4 extra depending on the specialty o w ant, some specialties are 7 years long like neurosurgeon for example. After medical career you are required to work in a hospital or a private clinic, by becoming a doctor, you learn or gain the ability to save life's and cure illness, being able to help others makes you feel better despite of the salary of a Doctor, which most of the times is pretty high.But most of Medical School Students doesn't sacrifice sleep or eating hours for money, they really do it for solidarity. Fashion design is a creative and rewarding profession. It career requires a creative pen mind, a good point of view and time to practice. As we know, fashion industry is constantly innovating and creating new things, ideas, styles. It's not a relevant thing or area, but for some people It becomes a life style.Fashion designers workplace can be in a lot of places depending on what they want to do, they can work as designers, visual merchandisers, stylists, image consulter, make up stylist, chief editor of a magazi ne, even an assistant to a celebrity, to become a good Fashion designer, you need to have a good eye, creativity and the skills to improve something to a better ay or even to create something wonderful from scratch. During the career you spent more time in the practical part than in the lecture room, the salaries of a fashion designer depends on the Job they get.Medical Career and Fashion Design have some similarities despite of the types of the career. Both careers have things in common. Fashion industry and Medical area are very competitive when it gets to find a good Job after finishing the career, you need to know how to work as a team, both careers requires different type of clothes, in a capital there's always Doctors wearing Blue clothes or white scrubs, and mostly of fashion designers always wear important brands clothes or the latest fashion style.Salaries between these careers are different, and it depends of how good you are in your area. Although both careers are similar , they also have many differences. Seeking a career can be difficult for so many people, mostly teenagers or young adults. Some people Just look for what they suit better, but for me, the best career is the one that you choose with your heart based on your learning skills.

Monday, July 29, 2019

American Television In The 1950s And 1960s

American Television In The 1950s And 1960s The televisual representation of black people had been a highly contested phenomenon since the television broadcast of ‘Amos ‘n’ Andy’ in June 1951. It is believed that ‘Amos ‘n’ Andy’ defined for the first time the side that television was to take in the postwar to represent Black people in America. In Amos ‘n’ Andy, Freeman Gosden and Charles Correll created and fixed an image of blackness, black people believed, which made racist Americans fight against them more and more. The program lasted just two years and was cancelled in the midst of growing protest by the black community in 1953. Because ‘The Jeffersons ‘ not only was the first TV programs which featured African-Americans in leading roles since the cancellation of the infamous ‘Amos ‘n’ Andy’ show in 1953, but also the first television program to feature black couples. Because it was the first time television showed a ric h, successful African American family, many people believed that the appearance of ‘The Jeffersons ‘was the first positive image of a new role model of Black African American families on television. However, John D.H.   [ 1 ]   pointed out that this television show may have been just ‘a typical of American television fare’ because ‘media image of American of African descent have ranged from the blatantly to the latently racist’. ‘Father knows best’ was, the first white family television sitcom and popular around 1950s-1960s. Therefore, I would like to use both ‘The Jefferson’ and ‘father knows best’ as examples to examine how ‘race’ was constructed by American televisual representation. Just a few years after the Second World War, how to attain and live the American dream became one of the most prominent themes of the 1950s .Therefore, for helping Americans rebuild their dream, television p rogram in 1950s was made as a creation of American dream rather than a reflection of society.   [ 2 ]   The television producers believed when people conformed to the ideal of beneficial families bring those family audiences stand up to the same level and made people more enjoy the sitcom and their life.   [ 3 ]   According to Census, in 1950, â€Å"families with both the head and his wife present,† were apparently the norm, accounting for 87.1%. A non-couple household was counted for 3.6%. The figure of independent female household just was 9.3%. it mean, during that period, most Americans demanded to see a family television shows which ‘defined a household in patriarchal and nuclear terms, with the centre assumed to be a male breadwinner heading a household of his dependent wife and children’. Therefore by adopting that idea, in ‘Father knows best’s world Andersons family has an upper-class, white-collar fathers, a stay-at-home wives, and t wo or three children whom lived in suburban. The television show offered viewers a comforting unified vision of the American family. In most episodes of ‘Father knows best’ the stories were all about how the father helped the family find out one or two beneficial social formations from their everyday life. Moreover, by showing a special episode ‘the importance of a strong American democracy’ in ‘school, churched, civic organization ‘, United State Treasury Department promoted U.S. Saving Bones. Given the sitcom show title â€Å"father who knows best,† the television producers hoped that the way of lived in â€Å"father who knows best† would made the majority of Americans understood what real meaning of â€Å"beneficial family† was.

Sunday, July 28, 2019

The strongest argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The strongest argument - Essay Example It shows that Lott has a stronger case, because he presents validated claims with relevant examples, statistics, and authority, though he has some weak assumptions, while Mitchard focuses too much on anecdotal evidence and one authority to support her claims. Lott presents stronger claims than Mitchard with pervasive use of statistics, logic, and ethos. Lott claims that carrying guns in school can deter violence, which happens outside schools already. First, he establishes the pervasiveness of gun-carrying laws through the historical trend that supports carrying guns: â€Å"In 1985, just eight states had right-to-carry laws...Today [2003], 35 states do.† Second, he uses more statistics to demonstrate that where there are guns, violence is lesser: â€Å"[studies give evidence] that on average, states that adopt right-to-carry laws experience a 60% drop in the rates at which the attacks occur, and a 78% drop in the rates at which people are killed or injured from such attacks.† These statistics are relevant, although the last one mentioned here is a bit outdated. Still, they offer information that having guns can deter violence. Lott also uses relevant authorities to support him. He says: â€Å"Annual surveys of crime victim s in the United States by the Justice Department show that when confronted by a criminal, people are safest if they have a gun.† This means that people feel they are safer, since they can protect themselves. This has no correlation though with lesser violence rates. Lott also conducted studies on gun violence. This gives him ethos on why and how guns can reduce and stop school violence. Lott also handles objections to his claims. He notes that one of the main sources of objections that people use comes from the media. The news alone shows many people dying because of guns, and even from law-abiding citizens who had sanity lapses and use their guns during intensely emotional events. Lott underscores that the â€Å"2 million times

Trade Policy of UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Trade Policy of UK - Essay Example Secondly, the study also includes the home ownership aspect to the determinants of preferences regarding trade. It indicates that home ownership taken independent of the type of factor has a correlation with trade barrier support in the countries where the manufacturing mix has a concentration in sectors of comparative disadvantage. Here, we see that the preferences have a dependence on the effect of trade policy on the income of factors of production as well as on the economic benefit of the individual. Therefore, the preferences towards trade policy may be as result of not only income of the factors, but also of the ownership of the assets that they possess. However, the assets such as housing do not become a part of the standard theory of trade since it is not employed and nor is it presently produced asset. The study also says that ownership of home is correlated to negative preference for free trade in places having a manufacturing mix that is concentrated in comparative-disadvantage sectors. It is to be noted that when the economy runs on the basis of certain sectors, factors have a direct link in those specific sectors. Hence, it so happens that factors in different sectors show their different preferences i.e. support or negativity. This happens when there is an assumption of immobility of factors between sectors. Here, if the sector is not an exporting one, they prefer protection. However, free trade is the most preferred, if the sector is an exporting one, which means there is negative preference for trade barriers. However, if we assume that factors have mobility, factors who have a higher supply (those factors that are more in number) will have a preference for free trade policy & those which are less in number will have a preference towards protection. The theory on the trade policy indicates that the trade policy is evaluated by individuals in the light of the effect of the same on their incomes. They see whether the effect of the policy is favorable on their income or not and then have a preference towards protection or free trade policy. This does not take into consideration the national welfare. This happens because the income of the factor is affected because of the changes in the relative prices of the products. As seen earlier, we have also taken a view of the mobility of factors of production. The changes in the mobility of factors make an impact on the changes in income and thus influence the decision about trade policy i.e. having a support towards trade barriers or towards free trade. When we talk about the mobility of the factors, we are taking an assumption that the factors can move costlessly amongst sectors. When free trade comes in, not only is product price affected, but there is a change in factor price also. Hence, with the possibility of shifting sectors, the returns rise for the labour. Hence, when this is possible the support towards free trade is higher, since it affects the income positively. This model generally assumes that there is support for protection in the sectors where the factors employed are those which are scarce. The above explanation clearly brings out that the factor type that is abundant will

Saturday, July 27, 2019

World History 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

World History 1 - Essay Example In the civilized society, the role of the individual still might be deemed important, but not in the same close-connection sort of way. In terms of the educational area, one of the hallmarks of civilization is its ability to pass on its legacy through literature. Nomadic peoples tended to provide oral traditions and stories, but it wasn't until these became written down that society advanced to what might be called a civilized state. Through education in general, and literacy in particular, civilization developed into its modern form. Thirdly, there is a distinct difference between the commercial activities of hunter/gatherer tribes and civilized society. For nomadic tribes, goods were acquired primarily for consumption. Excess items could be traded with other groups, but the primary goal was meeting daily need. Modern civilization is characterized by elaborate trading patterns that have no equal in the hunter/gatherer world. Finally, the political difference is dramatic. While hunte r/gatherers had political rank or pecking order, it consisted primarily of who was strong enough to lead the tribe; and conducted through a fairly straightforward means of combat or test of skills.

Friday, July 26, 2019

To what extent did French avant-garde groupings in the 1880s coalesce Essay

To what extent did French avant-garde groupings in the 1880s coalesce around exhibitions - Essay Example The phrase ‘modern art’ first used by Joris-Karl Huysmans in a book title to delineate the subject matter of several paintings represented in the book in1883. The Anglo-Irish novelist, George Moore followed this in this book, ‘Modern Painting’. It was about this time that the critic Theodore Duret, who used it of certain young painters, introduced the term avant-garde (Wood 1999, pp. 7-33). Subsequently, modernity became the focal point for artists and critics, alike. How Impressionism triggered avant-garde groupings The period of 1860-1880 witnessed an undeniable transformation in the aesthetic perspective as the focus of paintings shifted to the depiction of everyday reality and fashions (Wood 1999, p. 113). Determined to present illustrations of contemporary life in both, urban and rural areas, the Impressionists pioneered this change by creating snapshots of everyday life. The war developed new urgency and hope in the progressive artists born in the 1880 s. There was unanimity amongst the generation that Europe had been endowed a second chance; Salinger 1957, 117 Wood 1999, pp. 28 Wood 1999, p. 113 thereby, a new order should be established (Hungerford 1989). Impressionism, a revolutionary movement in painting followed by music, emerged at the end of the nineteenth century in France. Impressionist paintings can be traced back to the period of 1867-1886 to a party of artists with common approaches, philosophies, and methodologies in art (Huyghe 1973, p. 90). They tried to translate their observations into the paintings by attempting to recreate the manifold and animated results of sunlight and shadows from direct and reflected light. One of the most integral development out of this style was the reproduction of objects out of discrete flecks and dabs of matching or contrasting colours to evoke the broken-hued marvels and distinguishing hued created by sunlight and its reflections (Callen 1982, p. 187). Lastly, conventional formal com positions were replaced by more casual and less artificial disposition of depicted objects. The Impressionists in portraying landscapes, houses, trees, and even urban streets employed these novel-painting techniques (Callen 2000, p. 245). As the mid 1880s approached, the Impressionists began to dissolve as every painter craved to pursue his personal aesthetic interests and principles. Nonetheless, in its short-lived existence, it categorically revolutionized art, paving the way for postimpressionist artists like Edgar Degas, Vincent van Gogh, Georges Seurat to be free from all traditional western paintings and methodologies and interpretation of subject matter. Aftermath Impressionism was the first avant-garde in art, which paved the way for contemporary or modern art. Undeniably, the impressionists motivated novel Hungerford 1989, 73 Huyghe, 1973, 90 Callen, 1982, 187 Callen, 2000, 245 approaches, perspectives, notions amongst subsequent artists (Ward 1996, p. 168). It was the resu lt of their relentless struggle and perseverance, that the Salon’s official foothold in the world of art was questioned. Undoubtedly, painters such as Monet, Renoir, Pissaro, and Degas encouraged new art movements, for instance, Post-impressionism, Fauvism, Cubism (Rewald 1978, p. 312). In 1886, following the official death of Impressionists, post-impressionism was born. Before these movements, the Impressionis

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Safeway Inc Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Safeway Inc - Assignment Example In addition, they were affected since their target and loyal consumers no longer possess a large pool of any discretionary income affecting the overall demand thus revenue. Politically, the external environment that Safeway Inc. operates was significantly affected. During this crisis the Fed set tough laws and regulations concerning credit and lending to help the economy pull through. These monetary policies by the government never favored investment and plough of capital to the key sectors of growth of the company such as the necessity retail products. These further weakened the company’s competitiveness since this is an environment beyond the control of the company. Financial crisis directly affects the revenue obtainable by the company. Due to the financial crisis of 2008-2009, the company had to rethink on its social responsibility to boost sells. Prior to the crisis, the company was involved in various social participation such as charity events that help improve their relationship with the customers they serve. The company had to lower its active role in social participation and societal charity. This affected their eventual competitiveness after the

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Does the British media have significant power Essay

Does the British media have significant power - Essay Example From this point of view, their power in promoting specific political, social and economic trends cannot be doubted; however, it should be examined whether this power is positive or negative. Most of the theorists who studied the specific issue – as the relevant literature is presented below – agree that the British media can have a key role in the improvement of the local political, social and economic rules and initiatives; from this point of view, the specific industry should be characterized not just as a tool for the promotion of the views of the leading political and economic forces but also as a means for securing social equality and fairness; it should be also regarded as a tool for criticizing and evaluating the plans of the local government; at this point, the value of British media could be significant ensuring the alignment of the governmental decisions with the local laws and ethics. 2. British media – role and power 2.1 British media – descrip tion and role In order to understand the power of media industry in Britain it would be necessary to refer primarily to the characteristics and the role of this industry; then, its power could be identified and evaluated – taking into consideration the local ethics and culture. In accordance with Stokes et al. (1999) the media industry in Britain is not similar to the media industries of other countries; reference is made though not to the content of the term but rather on its potential forms. More specifically, it is explained that in Britain, the term ‘media’ is used to describe the ‘books, newspapers, television programmes, films and music’ (Stokes et al. 1999, p.1); however, the content/ texts of British media is unique – being related to the country’s ethics (Stokes et al. 1999, p.1). This fact, leads to the following assumption: in Britain, the role of the media industry in the development of political and social decisions can be significant – reaching higher levels compared to other countries where there is no such close relationship and interaction between the media and the local culture – an issue also analyzed in section 2.2 below. A more descriptive definition of media is provided in the study of Oakland (2011); in accordance with the above researcher ‘the term ‘media’ may include any communication system by which people are informed, educated or entertained’ (Oakland 2011, p. 258). The above definition reveals the potentials of media in terms of supporting specific social or political trends; moreover, it proves that people of all ages are expected to be influenced by the media – being exposed to the media in different ways – either in the context of education, of entertainment or just of information/ professional support, as described above. In accordance with Garnett et al. (2007) in order to understand whether the British media interact or not wi th politics, it would be necessary to explain primarily whether such interaction would be positive or negative – referring to its effects on the country’s political framework. In any case, it is noted that the freedom of the British media should be secured – no matter whether the information provided to the public is well – justified (Garnett et al. 2007, p.62). At the next level, it is explained

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Universal Serial Bus 3.0 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Universal Serial Bus 3.0 - Research Paper Example The invention of USB 3.0, supporting massive data transfer with super-fast speeds, overcomes these problems. (Perenson, 2010) With a blazing data transfer speed of over 5 gigabits per second will certainly add value towards a better life. Apart from the blazing speed, USB 3.0 is backward compatible as well, as it can be used with traditional USB 2.0 ports. For achieving USB 3.0 compliant speed, a USB 3.0 supported device and USB 3.0 compatible cable is required. However, the cable can be used with USB 2.0 compatible devices with no gain in data transfer speeds. (Perenson, 2010) The technological improvements of the USB 3.0 are identical to PCI Express and the backward compatibility support is achieved by an intelligent design along with a dual bus. For USB 3.0, the design incorporates five lines i.e. 4 data lines and one ground wire for USB 3.0 singles. Apart from having identical ground and power wires, both of USB technology versions are dissimilar (Perenson, 2010). USB 3.0 Architecture Figure 1.1 {Source (Govindaraman, 2010)} (Govindaraman, 2010) The USB 3.0 architecture is inspired by the PCI express architecture and the ISO model. The architecture has Physical layer tagged as (PHY), protocol layer and link layer, as illustrated in Fig 1.1. The PHY incorporates the connectivity between the device and the host or a hub device. Identical to the PCI express architecture physical layer, USB 3.0 incorporates encoding and decoding, data scrambling and descrambling, serialization and deserialization features (Govindaraman, 2010). The responsibility of the link layer incorporates stable data integrity for link partners by deploying error detection algorithms (Govindaraman, 2010). Likewise, packets are constructed in the link layer and link commands are allotted. Moreover, the protocol layer is responsible for managing end to end flow of data via device and a host (Govindaraman, 2010). Similar to the USB 2.0 architecture, the super speed bus is responsible for carrying address, status, data and control information. The four packet types are identical to the USB 3.0 i.e. the transaction packet (TP) and the data packet (DP). However, two other packets named as Isochronous Timestamp Packet (ITP) and Lin k Management Packet (LMP) is new in the USB 3.0 architecture (Govindaraman, 2010). USB 3.0 Power Management The power management of USB 3.0 incorporates enhanced power management functions for addressing the requirements of battery powered devices and portable applications. Moreover, USB 3.0 has also introduced â€Å"function suspend† feature that activates power management for individual functions associated with a composite device. This feature provides flexibility for eliminating other functions associated with the device; however, other functions remain operational. Furthermore, power saving is accomplished by a new feature called as latency tolerance messaging (LTM) architecture that is integrated within the USB 3.0. Likewise, the device may send information to the host for the tolerance of maximum delay from the time it sends the status ‘ERDY’ (Govindaraman, 2010). The table illustrated in Fig 1.2, demonstrates comparison of different technologies. The conc lusion highlights that USB 3.0 is 10 times faster than Fast Gigabit Ethernet, however, Gigabit Ethernet incorporates more power and the maximum cable length is also greater than USB 3.0. FireWire-b Gigabit Ethernet

How is Chinas economy growing so crazy, and how it affects the world as well as China Essay Example for Free

How is Chinas economy growing so crazy, and how it affects the world as well as China Essay Abstract: In this case study, I will be doing research on how is China’s economy growing so crazy, and how it affects the world as well as China. You will also see cause their economy is growing so fast and what are the challenges they are facing right now and the future. Introduction: The Republic of China’ has overtaken Japan as world’s second largest economy, after United States, Japan had held the 2nd position since 1968. In 2016 or earlier, International Monetary Fund (IMF) claims China’s economy surpassing US, the era of America economy leadership will be over. It’s average grow rate is about 10% for pass 30 years, making them as the world’s fastest growing economy. China has also climbed to the world’s largest exporter and second largest importer in the world. China has considerable economic weaknesses like low income levels, resource depletion and high unemployment, whereas the U.S. has comparable strengths and is poised to remain a global leader: Why is their economy growing so fast? The reason why their economy is growing dramatically, we will have to start from 1978, when the government executed a bunch of strategies for economy reform. These programs are including, encouraged rural enterprises, private businesses, liberalized foreign trade, investment, less control over prices, invested in industrial production, educate their workforce. Their economy had an annual growth of 6% initially, and peak of 17 percent, plus every capital income was quadruple in last 15 years. In 1997, some experts had already predicted that the China economy would sure be bigger than the US in less than 20 years. Here is IMF research team conclusion: New factories, manufacturing machines, communication systems and the amount of Chinese workers, increase in productivity were the factors that putting them as one of the strongest economy country. image02.jpg Automobile Industry China was rank third in the automobile industry by 2006 after Japan and US. During the reform, their automotive productions were less than 14000 yearly. Guess what? By 2002 their production jumped all the way up to 3.25 million! And 2009, it reached to 14 million. In 2009, China passed the States to become number 1 car maker worldwide. Domestic sales stayed with production, in 2006 8 million of cars were sold, which includes 5 million passenger cars and 2 million of commercial cars which shows how low price they sold their cars. The vehicles industry has been so successful in China so they begin to target exporting body parts worldwide in 1999.China has made a big step planning to get involved into image03.pngautomobile export business in 2005. In 2004, 15 major oversees automotive manufacturer plants in China. By 2003 China exports cost of 5 billion with unit of 80000 vehicles and parts, 174000 units in 2005 and 350000 units in 2006. Their goal is to reach at least of 80 billion US dollars by 2010. image04.png Natural Resources Coal: Coal is one of the most important natural resources for China, the most conserves mineral resources are considered to be coal and iron ore. Although they can be found in nearly most of the provinces, almost all of them are located in the northern part of China. A lot of good quality coals like bituminous coal are mostly reserved in China, Anthracite coals also present in some areas but its quite rare overall, that’s mostly found in Rocky Mountain. Coal helps the bulk of China’s energy consumption (75% in 2006), which led them again the world’s largest producer/consumer of coal. China usage of coal will be increasing dramatically as their economy continues to rise in absolute terms. If China keep increasingly rely on coal as a power consumption, it is going to put them becoming largest acid- rain causing sulfur dioxide and greenhouse gases. Oil and gas: China oil resources are also majorly located in north area provinces; types of oil include Oil shale and light oil. They uses up most of their oil output but doesn’t export any crude oil products, they are starting to develop oil deposits in China Seas and other oceans. Amount of natural gas reserves is unknown because they have only done a little exploration job on natural gases, Szechuan province accounts the most known natural gas reserves and production. Hydroelectric resources China has a great hydroelectric production due to their great river network and the mountainous terrain. A lot of the hydroelectric stations are located in the southwest of the country where low amount of coals are found but demand for energy is high. The potential of energy in north is small but the first hydroelectricity power station was built there by the Japanese during the occupation. In the winter, they have lower amount of rainfall, therefore, the stations are usually run less than the normal capacity, on other hand, flood always occur in the summer. What are the challenges that China is facing? High Inflation: Inflation is definitely one of the most challenges globally, but it is definitely the worse disaster for China that other countries. For clothes, the costs jumped 1.5% in April, it is the biggest up since 1997. For non-food, it didn’t have that much of different but it was still about 3%. For food, the price has inflated 11% on April

Monday, July 22, 2019

Dubai’s heritage and culture for future generations Essay Example for Free

Dubai’s heritage and culture for future generations Essay There has been a sufficient mention of a profound dearth of interest in preserving Dubai’s heritage and culture for future generations. The severity of Dubai’s cultural problems (both current and impending) is an overwhelming testament to the shortfalls of various cultural players. Dubai’s cultural scene is beset by issues ranging from funding to the non-existence of a governing agency on cultural arts and activities. The lack of funding allocation for Culture, Heritage and the Arts hampers government organizations from awarding prizes for artistic/literary achievements and awarding subsidies for the pursuit of the Arts. This phenomenon holds true for the Fine Arts and Literature although the UAE government has accorded ample financial support for Festivals like the Dubai Shopping Festival and Dubai Summer Surprises and theatrical infrastructure improvements. Support for Folklores Promotion and Archeology and Heritage Campaign, however, has not been reasonable; folklore presenters being imported from Oman and Archeology and Heritage Funds mostly channeled to administrative expenses. Education, being an essential tool for information dissemination, interest stimulation, and revolutionary change has not been aptly utilized to impact artistic/cultural perspectives among Dubai’s youth. This has crucial implications for both the quality and availability of indigenous workforce in that line. There are limited schools for Drama and Theatre, Music, and Folklore. Academic trainings for Archeology and postgraduate courses for Media are unavailable in the United Arab Emirates. Insufficient emphasis is given to Fine Arts, Literature, Folklore, and Heritage in school curriculums. Commercial Music Institutes, more than being of questionable quality, are beyond affordability by some Dubai residents. Lack of public interest is often the offered rationale for these academic limitations, although initiatives focused on the dilemma could have sparked a renewed public interest in Culture and the Arts. This dearth of public interest has crucial implications for the composition of Dubai’s cultural workforce and the artistic/cultural participation among the populace. The Nationals’ interest in theatre and performing arts is in congruence with the number of theatrical activities providers- both are limited. Dubai’s Fine Arts Exhibits showcase some unique talents and the artistic experience. However, the arena is beset by commercialism and a lack of appreciation among UAE nationals. Expatriates are more keen on Emirate Arts which benefits from an artistic enthusiasm peculiar to a wealthier society segment. Dubai’s Musical Arena is characterized by a musically-inclined, musically-upbeat society, and a commercialized musical education system. Songs and dances are an important part of celebrations, and there is an inordinate demand for international concert seats. Inadequate project experience and strong public participation, however, marks Dubai’s Film Scene. The launching of the International Film Festival in 2004 and the Dubai Studio City Project are predicted to generate a strong reception on Dubai’s film, TV, and music industries. Dubai’s literary domain, mainly focused on poetry, is not supportive of the development of intellectuals and thinkers. Government-sponsored poetry awards are an insufficient compensation for the limited career prospects for literature graduates. Festivals in Dubai such as the Dubai Shopping Festival and the Dubai Summer Surprises have acquired an international reputation, drawing tourists from the Middle East and beyond. However, a highly-trained festival-hosting workforce stands in stark contrast to the unprofessional and poorly-trained folklore performers, mostly from Oman. While Dubai’s rapid economic growth has made it a preferred destination for business meetings and international events, its vantage for exhibiting local folkloric performances to an international audience has not been fully utilized. It is quite ironic in that part of the reason of the businesses’ choice of Dubai is the pursuit of some Mideastern charm. Restoration attempts on Dubai’s historic buildings and the circulation of accompanying brochures and maps in multiple international languages are commendable efforts at giving tourists a glimpse of its ancient glory. The aforementioned measures are necessary to take advantage of Dubai’s vantage in the highly-competitive heritage tourism industry. However, the unavailability of Archeology programs in the UAE academe, and hence, the dearth of local Archeology specialists consequence in expatriate archeologists having to send artifacts to their respective countries for research/examination. Dubai’s Media Sector, with its state-of-the-art infrastructure and openness to competition, is in a struggle between foreign ownership and foreign workforce domination and calculated guardianship measures against Western infiltration. The media hub, albeit accommodating of the city’s cosmopolitan composition, suffers the dearth of a commercialized local cultural content. Islam is highly-inculturated and educationally-integrated in Dubai amidst its policy of accommodation and support to non-Muslim, expatriate religions. It is only a sober fact that the beauty of Islam has been overshadowed by negative perceptions pertinent to Terrorism. By and large, Dubai’s Islamic atmosphere, liberal for its multicultural make-up, is aptly guided by the Islamic values of tolerance and moderation. Technology can accord Dubai’s Arts and Culture a distinct vantage, but it can also effect otherwise. Electronic proliferation is a global trend, and cultural domination vis-a-vis high-technology is way unpredictable. It would also be of interest to note of the inadequate coordination among various cultural and arts providers and between Dubai’s public and private sectors. Dubai’s cultural scene is oblivious to common notice because of the dearth of literature in the subject; the absence of data on usage, patterns and preferences and the paucity of surveys and researches are common themes that beset Dubai’s cultural components. It is ironic that cultural/heritage problems prevail in Dubai, while the United Arab Emirates as a whole advocates culture and heritage. In the UAE, the preservation of many of its unique archaeological and architectural sites and its manuscripts have been given special preference. Literature and customs are widely studied in schools, while museum displays, heritage villages and the restoration of vanished monuments (based on photographs, local memory and documentary evidence) have helped to create a context and feel for this cultural legacy . It appears that most of the cultural development is occurring in Abu Dhabi; in 2005 a law was passed in this city establishing Abu Dhabi Culture and Heritage Authority. This new Authority’s goal is to sponsor intellectual and artistic activities and preserve the cultural heritage of the Emirates. This entails directly promoting Abu Dhabi’s cultural heritage, drawing up and implementing cultural policies, plans and programs, reviving cultural heritage projects, and organizing exhibitions and conferences on cultural heritage 1. Abu Dhabi signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the New York-based Guggenheim Foundation to establish a world-class museum devoted to modern and contemporary art, called the Guggenheim Abu Dhabi (GAD), the museum designed by the eminent architect Frank Gehry will place the Emirates as a leading international cultural destination22. The researchers have asserted that situated in the center of Abu Dhabi, there is a Cultural Foundation which is now part of the Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage (ADCH); this, at the heart of the capital’s cultural life benefits children, adults of all ages, UAE citizens and expatriates. One of the most significant features of the Cultural Foundation is the National Library which has well over a million books, primarily in Arabic, although there are also collections in a myriad of foreign languages. A majority of these volumes are available for reference for the public, plainly requiring a simple registration process. There is also an area for children where special programs are planned, especially during the school holidays2 . It is apparent that the culture of Dubai should be promoted in the same manner; perhaps these cities could share wealth in culture preservation through the Fine and Performing Arts and the Media.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Caring For The Elderly Essay

Caring For The Elderly Essay In general, society considers the elderly as persons above the ages of sixty or sixty-five. This is usually the beginning of old age as a person becomes less active in political, social and economic affairs. Though there are elderly persons who are in good health and active members of their communities, majority are the ones whose physical and mental functions are on the decline. Since they are not able to get along on their own, majority of the elderly persons require attention and care from their loved ones as well as friends. Consequently, psychologists use the term elderly care to refer to the personal as well as medical attention that this group of the population receives. It is evident that elderly care takes a variety of forms, ranging from personal care such as feeding and dressing, to medical attention. In addition, the care that a family chooses for its elderly persons will depend on their needs. This is because some of the elderly persons may still be in good health while others may be frail. Consequently, some of them may require home-based care while others may need specialized attention in a nursing home or in a hospital. Whatever the case, the elderly do need some form of care. In this study, I shall focus on the American culture and the Asian culture, and make comparisons between the two, in relation to the aspect of caring for the elderly. For the Asian culture, I shall examine the Japanese. In both United States of America and Japan, the number of elderly persons is on the increase. This means that both governments have to consider and put in place the best mechanisms to cater for this group of the population. Different communities accord the elderly different forms of care, depending on how their cultures dictate. The way a community perceives old age will therefore affect the manner in which it treats the elderly. The responsibility of caring for the elderly in Caucasian and Japanese cultures lies mainly with the woman, because these societies consider her as an innate caregiver due to her maternal abilities and instincts. However, this is also due to the fact that, over the years, the woman has fewer opportunities in the economic scene, and as a result, she remains at home most of the time to take care of her children and the elderly. On the other hand, when the woman is able to access the labor market, she finds herself in positions where she has to provide care for others. Most nurses, school and hospital matrons are women. However, in the above cultures, children also participate in elderly care, as a form of compensation for the nurture their parents gave them when they were young. The American society places a lot of emphasis on staying young. Consequently, as Samovar et. al. (2009) notes we find a culture that prefers youth to old age. (p.71). This negative perception of old age makes the young people avoid staying together with the elderly and caring for them. The older adult population rather than the young adults are the ones taking care of the elderly. This explains why some families in the United States give over their old relatives to nursing homes. This does not however mean that the young cut all their links with their elderly relatives. They do provide support and maintain contact with them. The nursing homes are an option for the elderly people who have no family or relatives to look after them at home. This is especially the case for those who are physically handicapped and require the help of another person to take care of them. Though the nursing homes have become the choice for most families with elderly relatives, they do have their limitations. Some of these institutions for the elderly have become money-making ventures, therefore reducing their emphasis on the needs of the elderly. Poor hygiene and lack of trained medical personnel and quality treatment as well as poor feeding programs are some of the problems the elderly face in these nursing homes. Moreover, placing the elderly in nursing homes limits their freedoms as they have to follow the stipulated program. They cannot choose when to feed, sleep, interact with their fellow housemates and cannot keep their belongings. However, nursing homes for the elderly still remain the option for most American families, as there has not been much success with home-based care. On a positive note, the elderly persons in American society have more groups of friends and neighbors whom they can go to for support, than the aged people in Japanese society. This means that the American elderly are likely to receive care from their friends and neighbors, apart from their immediate family members. However, the Americans usually tend to give special care to their elderly only after they learn that the latter are facing a medical problem. However, since the family is still the main caregiver for the elderly, some of the American families employ professional nurses to take care of their old at home, instead of sending them away to nursing homes. Another reason for this is that, institutions for taking care of the elderly are expensive, and some of these families are not able to afford them. Moreover, some families opt to take their elderly to day nursing institutions, where they receive care throughout the day and then return home in the evening. This is suitable for those people who are working and cannot stay with the elderly relatives during the day as they have to report to work. It is also convenient for working adults who cannot afford specialized care for their elderly ones, either at home or in a nursing institution. In some instances, the elderly person may be able to live in his or her own house, and may be strong enough not to require specialized attention and care. In such cases, the family members of such an elderly person find a house near other aged people, in areas where the amenities they need on a day-to-day basis are readily available. This form of elderly care appeals to the community and involves them in taking responsibility for this group of the population. On the economic front, some of the big corporate organizations have introduced benefit schemes for their employees, in order to help them in caring for their elderly relatives. This is because most companies want to avoid losses in production, due to having employees who have to work while at the same time take care of their elderly relatives. Some companies also provide home-based care services for the elderly, but as a profit-making venture. This however, has a negative side to it as these privatized services are costly and not many families are able to afford them. On the other hand, Asian culture of the Japanese has a positive perception of the elderly. It teaches the children to respect and care for the elderly. The Japanese consider the family as the prime caregiver for their elderly, and in this case, it is usually a female member of the family who carries out this duty. This is because the Japanese believe that it is not in order to take the elderly to a nursing home as this is equivalent to neglecting ones responsibility of taking care of ones parents. This also makes the Japanese families give the required care to their elderly relatives throughout their old age, rather than only when they are facing a health problem. In the case of aged people who are not related to the family, Japanese wives or their daughters are the ones who tend to give their elderly friends the care they need. Sometimes, the daughters-in-law also give care to the elderly, especially if the patient is female. However, if other friends and non relatives are living under the same roof with the elderly persons, they may provide the necessary care to the latter. This is in contrast to the case of the American elderly who receive care from their family as well as friends and neighbors. In Japan, the activity of giving care to the elderly is mainly as an act of duty, rather than voluntary will. The caregiver considers this act as one that he or she has to give, and in most cases, the Japanese wife will provide the elderly attention at her husbands request. The dependence of the Japanese elderly on their immediate family is also evident in the fact that most of them rely on their spouses and their children for financial support. Since the Japanese believe that giving the elderly care is a womans job, the men usually leave this task to their wives. However, though the Japanese men are away from home most of the time, they also contribute to elderly care by giving their spouses financial as well as emotional assistance. Again, by participating in looking after their children, they allow their wives to find time to take care of the elderly members of the family. Elderly care in Japan still remains largely in the hands of the family, especially for those who are not sickly and in need of specialized medical attention. However, caring for the elderly at home is no longer the only option, and families have begun taking the old to nursing homes. This is due to a number of reasons such as the aging of the family members providing the care as well as the increasing involvement of the Japanese women in formal training and employment. Moreover, Japanese families are not living in large numbers as they did in the past. However, the number of nursing homes for the elderly and professional caregivers is on the decrease because of the Japanese belief that it is the immediate family which bears the responsibility of taking care of their elderly relatives. The elderly who are in need of very little personal and health care remain at home, but get visits from personnel who attend to them. This happens either a few times a week or every day depending on the needs of the elderly person. Due to the rising demand for health caregivers for the elderly, Japan has sought the help of care personnel from the Philippines. These caregivers are more experienced and are willing to work at a low pay. Due to the increase in the elderly population, financial resources have not been enough to allow families to put their relatives under specialized care at home and in nursing institutions. It is due to this situation that hospitals in Japan have offered to accommodate the elderly who are in need of both personal as well as medical attention. This way, the elderly in Japan can access long-term care. Though on a small-scale, the Japanese elderly engage in volunteering programs where they offer services to the community and in turn, they receive personal as well as medical care. There are however some similarities in the aspects of elderly care in American and Japanese cultures. Care for the elderly is still one of the concerns of both the United States and Japanese governments, though they differ in their policies. America gives priority to provision of medical attention, pension for retirees and shelter, while the Japanese government came up with policies to put in place insurance for every citizen including the elderly, for a long-term period. In both countries, the increase in aging members of the population has put a lot of pressure on the medical as well as retirement schemes. However, technological advances in medicine have increased and they are being used to improve the life-expectancy levels of the American and Japanese aging populations. Again, since women are increasingly going into formal employment, the men in both countries are also becoming more and more involved in elderly care. In conclusion, due to lifestyle changes, many people have started living in smaller groups and families, and are also located far from each other. Consequently, caring for the elderly can no longer be the responsibility of the immediate family alone, but has to be a prerogative of governments, non governmental organizations as well as private institutions.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays

Fahrenheit 451 Â   Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is a novel about the descent into super-individualism through mass governmental brainwashing. The book begins while the main character, Guy Montag, is burning a house for concealing contraband literature. It portraits the pleasure he derives from this act of mindless destruction. After this work though an eccentric neighbor girl who does not fit the status quo confronts him. She begins to ask him questions that force him to think about things he has taken for granted before. The story progresses as this girl continually influences him until a car killed her. The next time he is called to incinerate a house, he ends up taking a book and watching an old lady burn to death. This event coupled with the death of the neighbor girl influence him to seek out a book-reading professor he had met previous to this story. The professor and him begin to plot the downfall of society and the Firemen. Just when you think things are gonna work out, he is ordered to burn his house after which he burns his boss with a flame-thrower. This makes him a fugitive from justice. He then flees from the scene and ends up evading the manhunt. After a while he meets up with other people who are fugitives because of their literary learning. The next day the city he fled from is destroyed in an atomic blast and the bums go in to help the survivors. Â   a) Man against Man: The only instance in the story that fits this category is the conflict Guy has with his boss. His boss, Beatty begins to suspect Guy's illegal reading of contraband and begins to take steps for Guy's downfall. First of all Beatty is much smarter and well learned than Guy so he begins to play mind games to try and trip him up. He also forces Guy to burn his house and tries to arrest him. Guy comes out on top and wins the conflict by setting his boss on fire. Â   b) Man against Himself: One good example of this type of conflict is the inner turmoil in Guy Montag. This conflict was started by his talks with the neighbor girl. She awakened a self-thinking side of him that was at odds with his brainwashed, socially acceptable side. As should be, this new side won out over his old self after he thought about it. Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Fahrenheit 451 Essays Fahrenheit 451 Â   Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is a novel about the descent into super-individualism through mass governmental brainwashing. The book begins while the main character, Guy Montag, is burning a house for concealing contraband literature. It portraits the pleasure he derives from this act of mindless destruction. After this work though an eccentric neighbor girl who does not fit the status quo confronts him. She begins to ask him questions that force him to think about things he has taken for granted before. The story progresses as this girl continually influences him until a car killed her. The next time he is called to incinerate a house, he ends up taking a book and watching an old lady burn to death. This event coupled with the death of the neighbor girl influence him to seek out a book-reading professor he had met previous to this story. The professor and him begin to plot the downfall of society and the Firemen. Just when you think things are gonna work out, he is ordered to burn his house after which he burns his boss with a flame-thrower. This makes him a fugitive from justice. He then flees from the scene and ends up evading the manhunt. After a while he meets up with other people who are fugitives because of their literary learning. The next day the city he fled from is destroyed in an atomic blast and the bums go in to help the survivors. Â   a) Man against Man: The only instance in the story that fits this category is the conflict Guy has with his boss. His boss, Beatty begins to suspect Guy's illegal reading of contraband and begins to take steps for Guy's downfall. First of all Beatty is much smarter and well learned than Guy so he begins to play mind games to try and trip him up. He also forces Guy to burn his house and tries to arrest him. Guy comes out on top and wins the conflict by setting his boss on fire. Â   b) Man against Himself: One good example of this type of conflict is the inner turmoil in Guy Montag. This conflict was started by his talks with the neighbor girl. She awakened a self-thinking side of him that was at odds with his brainwashed, socially acceptable side. As should be, this new side won out over his old self after he thought about it.

General Information about Anthrax :: Anthrax

The disease Anthrax derives its name from the Greek word anthracis, which means â€Å"coal†. This name is in response to the â€Å"characteristic black, coal-like central regions located on the anthrax skin lesions†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that appear in the cutaneous (tissue) form of the disease (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)). Although the 2001 letter attacks brought it widespread attention, anthrax has been around throughout history in many different areas. For example, the fifth and/or sixth plagues of Egypt that occurred during the time of Moses (1250 B.C.) are thought to represent the â€Å"earliest historical reports of the disease, due to the systemic and cutaneous forms of the disease†(Turnbull). In addition, its appearance has been noted in areas such as Asia Minor during the siege of Troy and its description has been found in the works of many famous authors such as Homer, Hippocrates, Varro, Virgil, and Galen. This leads to the idea that â€Å"â₠¬ ¦the Greeks and Romans were well acquainted with it† (Turnbull). From then on its appearance may have occurred in France, England, Germany, Hungary and Poland. It wasn’t until the 1700’s when its appearance was reported in America in animals. And within the next 100 years or so, Anthrax was being used by biologists to help with the progression of science. Robert Koch, in 1876, established Bacillus anthracis as the first proven bacterial cause of a human disease. His work led to the â€Å"†¦development of Koch’s Postulates, a set of diagnostic criteria still used by microbiologists today† (Nester). Also, the vaccine for anthrax, developed by Louis Pasteur in 1881, was the first effective live vaccine for a bacterial disease. All of these reported accounts, as well as other scientist journals in the late 1700’s and 1800’s, show that this disease is not new to the human race. Anthrax is a highly infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis that infects animals including humans. The disease is more common in large herbivores but can also infect humans who are exposed to diseased animal tissue or bacterial spores of the disease. These herbivores include cattle, sheep, horses, goats, and pigs as well as wild populations of deer, elephants, buffalo, and others. â€Å"Incidents of anthrax among animals have been reported by 82 countries†, however, these countries are limited to those with weak public veterinary health programs (Friedlander). Therefore, humans who live in these countries are of high-risk of acquiring the disease through different means of transmission.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Social Constructs :: Sociology

Social Construct influences the extent in which we are healthy and physically active. It determines how we use health services, recreational facilities and sporting opportunities to our benefits. It also guides our response to health and physical activity challenges and how an individual views health as a social construct. The advantages of viewing health of an individual through social constructs have many reasons. Some being that it supports principles of diversity and social justice. Australia is diverse in terms of multiculturalism, socio-economic status and geographic location. Socio-economic status relates how much the individuals income is, their employment status, car/home ownership or their knowledge about health. Being geographically isolated means not having access to available health services. It is taken into account so that the individual has a sense of belonging and empowerment to improve their health. The individual should have a supportive environment so that changes can occur for the better and to ensure the individual develops a sense of ownership for their health. Another advantage would be that is recognises the interrelationships between socio-cultural and environmental factors that influence social constructs. Many cultural and environmental factors impact and influence in individual?s health. Some of these may include, the climatic conditions, physical environment which influences the health of the individual and what society and culture expects of them. Climatic conditions can have a big impact of an individual?s health because of the decreasing amount of space to do physical activity. Final advantage is that it challenges the notion that health is solely an individual?s responsibility. For improvements to be made in health, the individual has to take full responsibility and to agree that they are to be blamed for their poor health levels. Through influences of social constructs the individual should make informed decisions regarding their health and should be more motivated to facilitate change.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Marketing proposal

The Iphone is not a phone. It is a revolution that has just started. Some have called it the next resting place of the mind. When we heard that Apple was creating a new product after iPod, we all held our collective breadths, what were Steve jobs up to? Built in the simple elegance that only Apple knows how to this work of arts most distinctive feature is its high-tech multi touch function that creates an amazing   user experience enables an individual to control everything using his or her fingers and type using a predictive keyboard and glade through the multi touch display to find photos, messages, friends easily. There is thankfully lees clutter and none of those confusing functions that get in the way. Yet the iPod lack one function in order to get it fully right. It doesn’t have a mirror, actually a magic mirror. This is the name I have given a feature that the iphone must have. It is an electronic mirror that a clear spread with your hand over the face of the iphone screens morphs up. Magic mirror can be a traditional mirror with a frame and also has drivers that allow you to talk to an animated character who gives an appropriate response by way of drivers that trigger this. It actively mixes video images while communicating via RS 239 and using the Creston automation system. Other functions includes enabling doctors to identify psychological, physical well being by looking at your magic mirror image along with heart beat and blood pressure sensors of patients and the elderly. The target markets for magic mirror are teenage girls, middle income globally. Because of the growth of the world, middle class there has been a parallel growth in affluent teenagers and young adults. No matter where they are in the world, they have similar desires, interests and consumptions. This has been influenced by the worldwide mass media. They watch the same shows, listen to the same music and watch the same movies and videos. They not only idolize the same musicians, dressing styles, mannerisms and attitudes and therefore have the same shared characteristics and preferences. We intend to have teenagers identify with iphone early in life because preferences and tastes formed now can influence purchasing trends throughout their lives. The social cause that I intend to support is the delinquency and lack of manners that is so prevalent in young adults today. While it has become a common practice for older people to ignore or not to give much thought to young people’s behavior and regard this as a passing cloud, I beg to differ. The recent incidents of fatal shootings all over America is the upper peak of a mountain of poor mannerisms that if not checked will result in lawlessness and societal breakdown. I would advocate a campaign for good manners starting at the very bottom. Children as young as three learning to say thank you and please , then moving up to pre-teens who will use the fulfilled and life lessons applications, games, quizzes and chats. Then focus on teenagers and on the other hand providing guidance, advice and support to parents. The slogan I would choose is ‘thanks a million’. This is a slogan that will be part of the campaign that initiates a state by state competition where a million teenagers’ text thank you messages to older people who have done wonderful and even simple things to make life better for others. Tyra banks are in my opinion the most suitable spokesman for the campaign. Her whole life story is an example for many teenagers about how to become a success in life. Born in a middle class background, she lived a normal life and was inspired by her mother who identified her talent in modeling and helped her develop it even through the most challenging times of her life. As a talk show host, Tyra banks have placed her energy towards developing the potential of young women. Her show provides information on fashion, dress, complexion and style. She especially focuses on teenage girls through the Tzone summer camp experience where independence, self esteem is taught to teenage girls at a mountainside camp for a week. Her energy and personality appeals strongly to young girls most importantly. Tyra banks are a modern woman and a role model with manners.   She has started her own campaign against use of derogatory words ageist women in rap videos and has a policy of not allowing swear words to be used during her show. She is the right person for the job. Magic mirror is just a start of the concept of capturing all the senses sight, sound and smell within the iPod. The next phase is to introduce a scent sensor to the iphone as well as a sound sensor. These two features will make the iphone the almost man’s best friend. REFERENCES Winer, R.S. (2007). Marketing Management, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Cherokee Indians Essay

The banter Cherokee is believed to claim evolved from a Choctaw word meaning Cave People. It was picked up and used by europiumans and positionually true the adopted by Cherokees in the chassis of Tsalagi or Jalagi. Traditionally, the people now cognize as Cherokee refer to themselves as aniyun-wiya, a name usually translated as the substantive People more or less condemnations the Original People. Cherokees energise had a democratic g all overnwork forcet (Conley, Robert J. 2000).The Cherokees initiative experience with the invading duster gay was almost certainly a surfaceline encounter with the deadly expeditionary military force of Spanish explorer Hernando DeSoto in 1540. face colonial traders began to appear among the Cherokees around 1673. such(prenominal) interactions produced some mixed marriages, usually amid a albumen trader and a Cherokee woman. There were three main events during the eigh tee upnth and nineteenth centuries war with the colonist in 1 711 epidemics of European disease (primarily littlerpox) and the continual ceding of kingdom in 1775.The Cherokees were laboured to score one(a) treaty by and by some other with the stark naked fall in States judicature, each one giving away more land to the in the altogether nation. In 1803, President doubting Thomas Jefferson planned to move all easterly Indians to a location atomic routine 74 of the manuscript River, and signed an agreement with the state of atomic number 31 promising to accomplish that deed as soon as possible. Andrew Jackson really set the so-called Removal attend in motion.Meantime the government had been oing eachthing in its military unit to convince Cherokees to move west voluntarily, and the first to do so were the gang known as Chickamaugans (Conley, Robert J. 2000). The memorial and traditions of the Cherokee Indians of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries are inextricably linked to the history and traditions of the face cloth south easterlyerners. Many facets of Cherokee life-style and other Indian tribes in the gray United States were modified and adapted from white methodology. Aspects of those pagan features were rooted in Pre-Columbian traditions.The Gaelic culture of people who colonized the Southern United States and the cultures charcterictics were the throttle valve of what was arguably the most pivotal event in American History, the War amongst the States. Many respected scholars save argued that the Ante-bellum south was incompatible than the north, in its lifestyles, philosophies, and more. The Confederate states and their populations were undeniably disparate in nearly every socioeconomic and political sight from the Union states and their respective populations.The destinies of the white southerners and Indian were attached in more ways. They had a number of common interests, traditions, ideals and goals. Some of these similarities were chance others were due(p) to an intimate relat ionship developed over centuries of close contact, a relationship created by the dynamic elements in the Cherokees new familiarity with their white neighbors and their culture (Bullard, F. B. 1989). The Cherokee adopted some practices willingly, others were forced upon them and some were already in place in some wee-wee in their traditional culture.Charles Hudson speculates in his snuff it that the Cherokee and other tribes adopted the measures of civilization in acquiescence to the inability of the Cherokee to compete militarily with the white populous. The Cherokee and other tribes had adopted the techniques and societal concepts of white civilization long in front they were encouraged to do so by whites and their military intimidation. For the Indian, all white men were a threat to their traditions and cultural tenets. usage of a order system was a part of the Cherokees social structures before contacts with whites.The white south created its own social caste system with wh ite planters as the aristocracy and the African buckle down at the navvy (Bullard, F. B. 1989). The colonists who colonised in the south were different than their counterparts in the North. The main heritage of the southern colonists was the Gaelic in contrast to the English heritage of the colonists who settled in the north. The Celtic heritage these southerner colonists brought to North America from Europe had a profound effect on their folkways as surface as influencing their Indian neighbors.Traditional Cherokee lands had incorporated ass of Kentucky, ofttimes of Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, North Carolina and a small part of Virginia and what is now West Virginia. The spacial proximity was one reason for the maturement of an identity with the Southern colonist and their institutions and traditions (Bullard, F. B. 1989). Indian agent for the United States, George Butler, commented that he tangle the majority of the material progress in the Indian Territ ory was a event of knuckle downry. The age of masters measured in the distribution in slaves provides evidence for the upwardly mobility of slavery for the Cherokee.The principal difference from the white south was the treatment of slaves in the Cherokee state. The Cherokee avoided mistreatment of the slaves and major(ip) Ridges wife Susanna would non even use the word slave. There are many indications that the Cherokee enured their slaves comparatively well, one former slave of Martin Vann, commented that they the slaves had to be feed well, clothed well, and housed well to get the best labor getatable from them (Bullard, F. B. 1989). The most common agents of change among the Cherokee lifestyle were resident traders, missionaries and government agents.The Cherokee Indians modified their traditions for many reasons, among these reasons were to placate white politicians and land grabbers and strengthen the federal government policies, philanthropists who wanted to back away them and most important of all volunteer adaptation in an effort to come to at least some government policies (Bullard, F. B. 1989). Cherokee Indians religion It would be a erroneous belief to see these two Cherokee life-time worlds as heaven and hell. They are not define as good and evil, although the one on a lower floor is seen as tremendously chaotic.They are vox populi of simply as being irrelevant to one another. We live our lives between them in a constant state of insecure balance. This dangerous situation, although the most important aspect of life in this traditional Cherokee prognosis is to maintain balance and harmony. If the Cherokees are Christian, they capacity be Methodist, Presbyterian, Unitarian, or other Christian denomination. Although the more traditional Cherokees is a whacking group of Cherokee Baptists. Cherokee Baptists attend what are called Indian churches, where they make use of the Cherokee language (Conley, Robert, J. 2000).Cherokee Indian t ribes were one of the largest of five Native American tribes who settled in American sou-east portion of the country. The tribe came from the Iroquoian descent. The Cherokees actually lived in cabins do of logs instead of the stereotypical tee pee. Very strong tribe with several(prenominal) smaller sections, all lead by chiefs. This tribe was highly religious and spiritual. or so the 1800s the Cherokee Indians began to adopt the culture that the white man brought to them. At this time they began to set more European, and adopted many of their farming and building methods. In 1828 gold was discover on the Cherokees land.This prompted the overtaking of their homes, and was forced out. They had been settled in Georgia for many years, but now they were being made to leave and find a new place to settle/live. This was the historically ordinary Trail of rupture, where men, women, and children had to pack up their place and find new homes, and marching a span of thousands of miles. Todays Cherokees have a strong sense of superciliousness in their heritage (Indians. org 2011). A historical person during this time Was John Ross in which became principal chief of the Cherokee nation. In 1827, succeeding(a) the pass onment of a government model on that of the United States.He presided over the nation during the apex of its development in the Southeast, the tragic Trail of Tears, and the subsequent make of the nation in Indian Territory, in present day. Accompanying his people on the trail where they cried, Ross experienced personal tragedy. His wife, Quatie, died of film after giving her only cover song to a sick child. Once in Indian Territory, Ross led the effort to establish farms, businesses, schools, and even colleges. Even though the Cherokee Nation was torn apart politically after the fight over the removal treaty, Ross clung to reins of power (Moulton, Gary E. 004).In conclusion, Although Cherokee Indians were a very various tribe and had very man y different talents. They were very spitural and worshiped only one spirit and that was good spirit, and eventually followed christanity. Trail of Tears was a very emotional time for all Cherokee Indians the time when they were forced out and were here before anyone ever settled America. This time for Men, Women, and Children was a shame. My grand pappa always take for granted what you have cause someone can take it away in an instant as they did to the Indians.

Female Serial Killers Essay

The fascinating thing about women is that they often tend to not possess the habitual characteristics of a straight orca that a male tends to arrangement earlier on in life. Although not always fully acknowledged, in that respect are many early sign of the zodiacs of a emf back-to-back killer. These later become the characteristics of a concomitant killer. The most common characteristic of a successive killer is animal abuse. This particular characteristic is unremarkably follow upn during a sequential killers childhood. many another(prenominal) serial publication killers see this as practice.Psychiatrists describe this early sign of sidesplitting as a mental derangement that should not be ignored. Another highly common characteristic of serial killer is a psyche who enjoys starting fires, otherwise known as Pyromaniacs. The populate that possess this characteristic tend to get sexually aroused however from starting a fire. A well-known Pyromaniac was Joseph Kall inger who described starting a fire as a heavenly pleasure. Also a common characteristic would be bed wetting.Many serial killers tend to wet the bed past tense adolescence. Kenneth Bianchi, an American serial killer, spent most of his maturity date wetting the bed. A broken home has been famous to be a characteristic of a serial killer. Growing up father-less or mother-less highly affects a young soon-to-be serial killers life. pistillate serial killers share only some of these characteristics such(prenominal) as animal abuse. Women tend not to show characteristics until later on in life. At times they do not show characteristics.Most young-bearing(prenominal) serial killers kill for long periods of times and piano unlike her fellow male killer. Female serial killers close always have a well-set motive driving them to commit these horrible crimes and coincidently they are often similar. If a female serial killer is acknowledged by a residential district the people in tha t community tend to bank that because she is a woman, therefore the weaker sex, she was somehow pressured or victimise by her lover to kill. (Davis, 2001). Many refuse to imagine that a woman is capable of killing on her own terms.Women have many different reasons for killing yet throughout the years and the multiple capital punishment cases that occur where a woman is the murderer, the motive is almost always. Most of the women who tend to kill are in great debt and in need of a fast-flying and easy way out. Belle Gunness, who was considered one of the worst serial killers in American History, did just this. Belle killed all of her children and husbands just to collect life redress, money, and other valuables. (Edwards, 2012).She also adoptive more children in order to repeat the military operation of collecting the insurance and got away with doing so for 8 years. Another murder case in which the prime motive happened to be money was the Olga Rutter Schmidt and Helen Gola y case. These two women in their 70s conducted a $2. 3 one thousand thousand insurance fraud murder scheme. Helen and Olga provided shelter and nutrient for Paul Vados and Paul McDavid just long generous to have good amount of money to utility from if these two men were to pass. There were multiple insurance plans that gave these two women benefits when the two homeless men were killed.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Benjamin Franklin in his Autobiography Essay

a a comparable(p)(p) to benjamin Franklin in his archives and Frederick Douglass in his Narrative, pullulate in cracking Expectations as come on up demonstrates the prototypic sonhood to humankind narrative. individually account statement recounts a move around of growing and ontogenesis, of ontogeny and self-disc all overy by take. In addition, the wiz of individually apologue has a take aim which runs his actions and decisions through place the var. of his journey.However, maven crucial remnant exists among the ii historical personas and the coiffure on blister-while Franklin and Douglass some(prenominal) filtrate for veridical and self-improving goals, strap, wish his imaginary character, entertains an imposing woolgather. blot lusts to break his origin mettley course of action as a dressting sur exhibit boy and bring hearth the bacon in look as a military man. This noble-mindedness quick b moos charge and becomes both the thematic come to of the allegory and the psychological appliance that encourages a great deal of sprouts interruptment.Ironically, more instances in the fable memorialize that the emblemic representations and figures of the squiffy pattern that inject idolizes are in circumstance his great blasters. From their invidious substance on shoot much(prenominal)(prenominal) as ab mapping, imposition, and un contentment, bear witnesss the topic that hearty stand does non memorise unitys satisfaction and come up creation, and salubrious-nigh importantly, unitys self worth. flush so unrivaledr slur becomes a genus Phallus of the slopped crystallize, his un befoged motion picture to it initiates a improvement of ail brought nigh by tangible, literal, and frantic vitiate. command Havisham, scorn her eccentricity, represents the split, wealthiness, and overture that direct fritter aways actions and emotions for a large-mouthed functio n of the sassy. Upon sense experience of hearing close set d save Havishams desire to chance on dapple, Mrs. Joe pounced upon fool away, the like an bird of Jove on a give birth, and my face was squeezed into wooden bowl in sinks, and my power point was put nether taps of water- exactlyts, and I was thumped and rasped, until I rightfully was kind of beside myself (52). the Tempter apt(p) use of raving mad empty record books such as pounced, squeezed, and rasped and the metaphor, like an eagle on a lamb hasslets an sore predator-to-victim medical prognosis in the reviewers mind.Mrs. Joes rapturous answer over the approximation of positions hazard to befriend the affluent kind makes this shaft the apologues outset emergency of amicable development that leave behind ulterior consume bucks bearing. Consequently, Mrs. Joe becomes the low gear agent of the hurrying shape to subvert hassle on flash, carried out by the cherry-red and odious clean. The strong-arm step tear allows hither, so be time in his childhood, overly foreshadows the distress and pang he bequeathing later(prenominal) occur among the hurrying disunitees. Moreover, death the view with my ablutions were consummate (53) presents a similarity amid the h unityst cleanse and a religious rite clean.The ledger ablution is nigh lots associated with biblical allegories where priests were essential to houseclean themselves ahead glide path the altar of God. fiend newsworthiness alternative here seems to refer that fritters vehement toilet was inevitable non exactly in cleansing him, and ridding him of the mark from his greens sprightliness sentence that magnate taint those in high places. This bath video serves as the unfermenteds depression crafty respectable prodigious suit that affair with the amphetamine track does non date well being.The pain office endures from his outgrowth photograph to the focal ratio class alerts the commentator that an on the face of it absolute development in his life ( miss Havishams invitation to her creation) may sacrifice results to the contrary. apart from physical pervert and torment, strikes premier interactions with the pie-eyed class in addition causality him to vex arousedly. The public cornucopia and impressiveness of Satis sign of the zodiac exists non completely as a symbol of the lives of the top(prenominal) class, unless as a symbol of mops romanticist intuition of the velocity class as well.In this aspect, it is also a microbe of wretchedness for spotlight and he very numberizes, twenty-four hour period neer entered Satis raise and infra its regularise I proceed at heart to loathe my occupation and to be repentant of home (125). The rhetorical magnificence of Satis family line has raised(a) in gain a new reason of his own low birth and super C bearings. subsequently his number one chaffer, he even up lies virtually his experience thither, defiant to daub his fancys of it with the tell apart perspicuity of his all(prenominal) twenty-four hour period creation, for it essential hang in remote to a higher place the take of mutual behavior (72). straps foremost visit to Satis House is a important circumstance in his life. It raises in arrive at an awareness of complaisant contrast, robs him of his upstart honor and sense of fulfilment and thus, go on exemplifies the sorrow that is inherently link with representations of the fastness class. With the admittance of Miss Havisham and Satis House, the character Estella moves to the question of the novel as the last symbol of smudges unattainable dream in long Expectations, and the greatest get of his sufferings.Ironically, Estellas backup and bruise matches takes feelings most himself in the world of Satis House. He accepts her condescension, Why, he is a nonentity besides a vulgar laboring-boy (60), without fend for himself because he idealizes Estella and dolefully believes her to be right. This is curiously perspicuous during times when the discrimination among their affectionate classes manifest itself in the smallest things, I had never thought of being disgraced of my give onward her despite was so strong, that it became infectious, and I caught it (60).Moreover, Estella systematically refers to dart as Mr. Pumblechooks boy (58), nuts boy (266), or barely boy, apply both word just his real name. This is a multifariousness of verbal abuse because it finally degrades clear up to a sexual practice with no unmatched identity. Estella practices a contend harshness on arrive at that wins his deepest make out and causes him to develop a loving scarce nonreciprocal idolatry for her. This is one of the harshest examples of the pain and torment finish up essential endure as he interacts with the swiftness class. by dint of these accounts, it becomes diaphanous that favorable stand(a) and wealth does not ever so retard well being. In fact, it may come upon just the opposite-physical pain, emotional disturbance, and failure from the familiarity of ones harsh bearings. until now when point becomes a serviceman and is acquire by society, there is a shrewd declination in his assertion and gladness that accompanies this rise in hearty status. Pips unofficial debut into the world of a affluent adult male arsehole be pronounced as the proceeds where he put on a real gentleman suit.Interestingly, Pip describes, later this memorable subject I felt sort of like generate Hubbards click (152). date a celebrated precedent such as this would eat of course allowed for happiness and celebration, Pip instead compares his elevate neighborly standing to a frequent savage of a childrens poem. The chagrin effect of the suit, versus its intend exalting effect, not solitary(prenomin al) foreshadows the unsatisfying life Pip will continue as a gentleman, but poses besides doubt on the hopes and ideals Pip holds of the wealthy class.